fix(ctl): let typer.Exit propagate so CLI commands exit without a traceback

[ogenstad]

Why

Newer versions of typer behave differently and produce an error that's not as friendly as we'd want and we don't want to show that error.

Closes #1047

What changed

• Catch error from typer early and avoid showing it to the end user
• Tests

---

Summary by cubic

Fixes infrahubctl so commands that raise typer.Exit exit cleanly without the "Error: 1" line or a traceback. Addresses IHS-237 by ensuring infrahubctl schema load prints only the human-readable error and exits with code 1.

• Bug Fixes
  • Let typer.Exit propagate in catch_exception (sync and async) so Typer handles the exit without a traceback.
  • Removed interception of click.exceptions.Exit from handle_exception.
  • Added tests to confirm the clean exit, correct code, and no "Error: 1" or traceback.

^{Written for commit 712ffcf. Summary will update on new commits.}

Review in cubic

[cubic-dev-ai]

No issues found across 3 files

_{Re-trigger cubic}

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.

❗ There is a different number of reports uploaded between BASE (7f17fb8) and HEAD (712ffcf). Click for more details.

HEAD has 8 uploads less than BASE

Flag	BASE (7f17fb8)	HEAD (712ffcf)
python-3.11	2	1
python-3.12	2	1
python-3.10	2	1
python-3.14	2	1
python-3.13	2	1
python-filler-3.12	2	1
integration-tests	2	0

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           stable    #1048      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   81.54%   74.41%   -7.14%     
==========================================
  Files         134      134              
  Lines       11468    11469       +1     
  Branches     1735     1734       -1     
==========================================
- Hits         9352     8535     -817     
- Misses       1569     2392     +823     
+ Partials      547      542       -5     

Flag	Coverage Δ
integration-tests	?
python-3.10	54.57% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
python-3.11	54.57% <100.00%> (-0.02%)	⬇️
python-3.12	54.59% <100.00%> (+0.02%)	⬆️
python-3.13	54.59% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
python-3.14	54.57% <100.00%> (-0.02%)	⬇️
python-filler-3.12	22.66% <0.00%> (-0.01%)	⬇️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
infrahub_sdk/ctl/utils.py	68.75% <100.00%> (+0.21%)	⬆️

... and 34 files with indirect coverage changes

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.