pingcap · TomShawn · Feb 1, 2021 · Feb 1, 2021 · Feb 1, 2021
diff --git a/sql-statements/sql-statement-add-column.md b/sql-statements/sql-statement-add-column.md
@@ -10,25 +10,42 @@ The `ALTER TABLE.. ADD COLUMN` statement adds a column to an existing table. Thi
 
 ## Synopsis
 
-**AlterTableStmt:**
-
-![AlterTableStmt](/media/sqlgram/AlterTableStmt.png)
-
-**AlterTableSpec:**
-
-![AlterTableSpec](/media/sqlgram/AlterTableSpec.png)
-
-**ColumnKeywordOpt:**
-
-![ColumnKeywordOpt](/media/sqlgram/ColumnKeywordOpt.png)
-
-**ColumnDef:**
-
-![ColumnDef](/media/sqlgram/ColumnDef.png)
-
-**ColumnPosition:**
-
-![ColumnPosition](/media/sqlgram/ColumnPosition.png)
+```ebnf+diagram
+AlterTableStmt ::=
+    'ALTER' IgnoreOptional 'TABLE' TableName ( AlterTableSpecListOpt AlterTablePartitionOpt | 'ANALYZE' 'PARTITION' PartitionNameList ( 'INDEX' IndexNameList )? AnalyzeOptionListOpt )
+
+AlterTableSpec ::=
+    TableOptionList
+|   'SET' 'TIFLASH' 'REPLICA' LengthNum LocationLabelList
+|   'CONVERT' 'TO' CharsetKw ( CharsetName | 'DEFAULT' ) OptCollate
+|   'ADD' ( ColumnKeywordOpt IfNotExists ( ColumnDef ColumnPosition | '(' TableElementList ')' ) | Constraint | 'PARTITION' IfNotExists NoWriteToBinLogAliasOpt ( PartitionDefinitionListOpt | 'PARTITIONS' NUM ) )
+|   ( ( 'CHECK' | 'TRUNCATE' ) 'PARTITION' | ( 'OPTIMIZE' | 'REPAIR' | 'REBUILD' ) 'PARTITION' NoWriteToBinLogAliasOpt ) AllOrPartitionNameList
+|   'COALESCE' 'PARTITION' NoWriteToBinLogAliasOpt NUM
+|   'DROP' ( ColumnKeywordOpt IfExists ColumnName RestrictOrCascadeOpt | 'PRIMARY' 'KEY' | 'PARTITION' IfExists PartitionNameList | ( KeyOrIndex IfExists | 'CHECK' ) Identifier | 'FOREIGN' 'KEY' IfExists Symbol )
+|   'EXCHANGE' 'PARTITION' Identifier 'WITH' 'TABLE' TableName WithValidationOpt
+|   ( 'IMPORT' | 'DISCARD' ) ( 'PARTITION' AllOrPartitionNameList )? 'TABLESPACE'
+|   'REORGANIZE' 'PARTITION' NoWriteToBinLogAliasOpt ReorganizePartitionRuleOpt
+|   'ORDER' 'BY' AlterOrderItem ( ',' AlterOrderItem )*
+|   ( 'DISABLE' | 'ENABLE' ) 'KEYS'
+|   ( 'MODIFY' ColumnKeywordOpt IfExists | 'CHANGE' ColumnKeywordOpt IfExists ColumnName ) ColumnDef ColumnPosition
+|   'ALTER' ( ColumnKeywordOpt ColumnName ( 'SET' 'DEFAULT' ( SignedLiteral | '(' Expression ')' ) | 'DROP' 'DEFAULT' ) | 'CHECK' Identifier EnforcedOrNot | 'INDEX' Identifier IndexInvisible )
+|   'RENAME' ( ( 'COLUMN' | KeyOrIndex ) Identifier 'TO' Identifier | ( 'TO' | '='? | 'AS' ) TableName )
+|   LockClause
+|   AlgorithmClause
+|   'FORCE'
+|   ( 'WITH' | 'WITHOUT' ) 'VALIDATION'
+|   'SECONDARY_LOAD'
+|   'SECONDARY_UNLOAD'
+
+ColumnKeywordOpt ::=
+    'COLUMN'?
+
+ColumnDef ::=
+    ColumnName ( Type | 'SERIAL' ) ColumnOptionListOpt
+
+ColumnPosition ::=
+    ( 'FIRST' | 'AFTER' ColumnName )?
+```
 
 ## Examples
 

diff --git a/sql-statements/sql-statement-add-index.md b/sql-statements/sql-statement-add-index.md
@@ -10,25 +10,42 @@ The `ALTER TABLE.. ADD INDEX` statement adds an index to an existing table. This
 
 ## Synopsis
 
-**AlterTableStmt:**
-
-![AlterTableStmt](/media/sqlgram/AlterTableStmt.png)
-
-**AlterTableSpec:**
-
-![AlterTableSpec](/media/sqlgram/AlterTableSpec.png)
-
-**ColumnKeywordOpt:**
-
-![ColumnKeywordOpt](/media/sqlgram/ColumnKeywordOpt.png)
-
-**ColumnDef:**
-
-![ColumnDef](/media/sqlgram/ColumnDef.png)
-
-**ColumnPosition:**
-
-![ColumnPosition](/media/sqlgram/ColumnPosition.png)
+```ebnf+diagram
+AlterTableStmt ::=
+    'ALTER' IgnoreOptional 'TABLE' TableName ( AlterTableSpecListOpt AlterTablePartitionOpt | 'ANALYZE' 'PARTITION' PartitionNameList ( 'INDEX' IndexNameList )? AnalyzeOptionListOpt )
+
+AlterTableSpec ::=
+    TableOptionList
+|   'SET' 'TIFLASH' 'REPLICA' LengthNum LocationLabelList
+|   'CONVERT' 'TO' CharsetKw ( CharsetName | 'DEFAULT' ) OptCollate
+|   'ADD' ( ColumnKeywordOpt IfNotExists ( ColumnDef ColumnPosition | '(' TableElementList ')' ) | Constraint | 'PARTITION' IfNotExists NoWriteToBinLogAliasOpt ( PartitionDefinitionListOpt | 'PARTITIONS' NUM ) )
+|   ( ( 'CHECK' | 'TRUNCATE' ) 'PARTITION' | ( 'OPTIMIZE' | 'REPAIR' | 'REBUILD' ) 'PARTITION' NoWriteToBinLogAliasOpt ) AllOrPartitionNameList
+|   'COALESCE' 'PARTITION' NoWriteToBinLogAliasOpt NUM
+|   'DROP' ( ColumnKeywordOpt IfExists ColumnName RestrictOrCascadeOpt | 'PRIMARY' 'KEY' | 'PARTITION' IfExists PartitionNameList | ( KeyOrIndex IfExists | 'CHECK' ) Identifier | 'FOREIGN' 'KEY' IfExists Symbol )
+|   'EXCHANGE' 'PARTITION' Identifier 'WITH' 'TABLE' TableName WithValidationOpt
+|   ( 'IMPORT' | 'DISCARD' ) ( 'PARTITION' AllOrPartitionNameList )? 'TABLESPACE'
+|   'REORGANIZE' 'PARTITION' NoWriteToBinLogAliasOpt ReorganizePartitionRuleOpt
+|   'ORDER' 'BY' AlterOrderItem ( ',' AlterOrderItem )*
+|   ( 'DISABLE' | 'ENABLE' ) 'KEYS'
+|   ( 'MODIFY' ColumnKeywordOpt IfExists | 'CHANGE' ColumnKeywordOpt IfExists ColumnName ) ColumnDef ColumnPosition
+|   'ALTER' ( ColumnKeywordOpt ColumnName ( 'SET' 'DEFAULT' ( SignedLiteral | '(' Expression ')' ) | 'DROP' 'DEFAULT' ) | 'CHECK' Identifier EnforcedOrNot | 'INDEX' Identifier IndexInvisible )
+|   'RENAME' ( ( 'COLUMN' | KeyOrIndex ) Identifier 'TO' Identifier | ( 'TO' | '='? | 'AS' ) TableName )
+|   LockClause
+|   AlgorithmClause
+|   'FORCE'
+|   ( 'WITH' | 'WITHOUT' ) 'VALIDATION'
+|   'SECONDARY_LOAD'
+|   'SECONDARY_UNLOAD'
+
+ColumnKeywordOpt ::=
+    'COLUMN'?
+
+ColumnDef ::=
+    ColumnName ( Type | 'SERIAL' ) ColumnOptionListOpt
+
+ColumnPosition ::=
+    ( 'FIRST' | 'AFTER' ColumnName )?
+```
 
 ## Examples
 

diff --git a/sql-statements/sql-statement-admin-cancel-ddl.md b/sql-statements/sql-statement-admin-cancel-ddl.md
@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ The `ADMIN CANCEL DDL` statement allows you to cancel a running DDL job. The `jo
 
 ## Synopsis
 
-**AdminStmt:**
+```ebnf+diagram
+AdminStmt ::=
+    'ADMIN' ( 'SHOW' ( 'DDL' ( 'JOBS' Int64Num? WhereClauseOptional | 'JOB' 'QUERIES' NumList )? | TableName 'NEXT_ROW_ID' | 'SLOW' AdminShowSlow ) | 'CHECK' ( 'TABLE' TableNameList | 'INDEX' TableName Identifier ( HandleRange ( ',' HandleRange )* )? ) | 'RECOVER' 'INDEX' TableName Identifier | 'CLEANUP' ( 'INDEX' TableName Identifier | 'TABLE' 'LOCK' TableNameList ) | 'CHECKSUM' 'TABLE' TableNameList | 'CANCEL' 'DDL' 'JOBS' NumList | 'RELOAD' ( 'EXPR_PUSHDOWN_BLACKLIST' | 'OPT_RULE_BLACKLIST' | 'BINDINGS' ) | 'PLUGINS' ( 'ENABLE' | 'DISABLE' ) PluginNameList | 'REPAIR' 'TABLE' TableName CreateTableStmt | ( 'FLUSH' | 'CAPTURE' | 'EVOLVE' ) 'BINDINGS' )
 
-![AdminStmt](/media/sqlgram/AdminStmt.png)
-
-**NumList:**
-
-![NumList](/media/sqlgram/NumList.png)
+NumList ::=
+    Int64Num ( ',' Int64Num )*
+```
 
 ## Examples
 

diff --git a/sql-statements/sql-statement-admin-check-table-index.md b/sql-statements/sql-statement-admin-check-table-index.md
@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ The `ADMIN CHECK [TABLE|INDEX]` statement checks for data consistency of tables
 
 ## Synopsis
 
-**AdminStmt:**
+```ebnf+diagram
+AdminStmt ::=
+    'ADMIN' ( 'SHOW' ( 'DDL' ( 'JOBS' Int64Num? WhereClauseOptional | 'JOB' 'QUERIES' NumList )? | TableName 'NEXT_ROW_ID' | 'SLOW' AdminShowSlow ) | 'CHECK' ( 'TABLE' TableNameList | 'INDEX' TableName Identifier ( HandleRange ( ',' HandleRange )* )? ) | 'RECOVER' 'INDEX' TableName Identifier | 'CLEANUP' ( 'INDEX' TableName Identifier | 'TABLE' 'LOCK' TableNameList ) | 'CHECKSUM' 'TABLE' TableNameList | 'CANCEL' 'DDL' 'JOBS' NumList | 'RELOAD' ( 'EXPR_PUSHDOWN_BLACKLIST' | 'OPT_RULE_BLACKLIST' | 'BINDINGS' ) | 'PLUGINS' ( 'ENABLE' | 'DISABLE' ) PluginNameList | 'REPAIR' 'TABLE' TableName CreateTableStmt | ( 'FLUSH' | 'CAPTURE' | 'EVOLVE' ) 'BINDINGS' )
 
-![AdminStmt](/media/sqlgram/AdminStmt.png)
-
-**TableNameList:**
-
-![TableNameList](/media/sqlgram/TableNameList.png)
+TableNameList ::=
+    TableName ( ',' TableName )*
+```
 
 ## Examples
 

diff --git a/sql-statements/sql-statement-admin-checksum-table.md b/sql-statements/sql-statement-admin-checksum-table.md
@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ The `ADMIN CHECKSUM TABLE` statement calculates a CRC64 checksum for the data an
 
 ## Synopsis
 
-**AdminStmt:**
+```ebnf+diagram
+AdminStmt ::=
+    'ADMIN' ( 'SHOW' ( 'DDL' ( 'JOBS' Int64Num? WhereClauseOptional | 'JOB' 'QUERIES' NumList )? | TableName 'NEXT_ROW_ID' | 'SLOW' AdminShowSlow ) | 'CHECK' ( 'TABLE' TableNameList | 'INDEX' TableName Identifier ( HandleRange ( ',' HandleRange )* )? ) | 'RECOVER' 'INDEX' TableName Identifier | 'CLEANUP' ( 'INDEX' TableName Identifier | 'TABLE' 'LOCK' TableNameList ) | 'CHECKSUM' 'TABLE' TableNameList | 'CANCEL' 'DDL' 'JOBS' NumList | 'RELOAD' ( 'EXPR_PUSHDOWN_BLACKLIST' | 'OPT_RULE_BLACKLIST' | 'BINDINGS' ) | 'PLUGINS' ( 'ENABLE' | 'DISABLE' ) PluginNameList | 'REPAIR' 'TABLE' TableName CreateTableStmt | ( 'FLUSH' | 'CAPTURE' | 'EVOLVE' ) 'BINDINGS' )
 
-![AdminStmt](/media/sqlgram/AdminStmt.png)
-
-**TableNameList:**
-
-![TableNameList](/media/sqlgram/TableNameList.png)
+TableNameList ::=
+    TableName ( ',' TableName )*
+```
 
 ## Examples
 

diff --git a/sql-statements/sql-statement-admin-show-ddl.md b/sql-statements/sql-statement-admin-show-ddl.md
@@ -9,17 +9,16 @@ The `ADMIN SHOW DDL [JOBS|QUERIES]` statement shows information about running an
 
 ## Synopsis
 
-**AdminStmt:**
+```ebnf+diagram
+AdminStmt ::=
+    'ADMIN' ( 'SHOW' ( 'DDL' ( 'JOBS' Int64Num? WhereClauseOptional | 'JOB' 'QUERIES' NumList )? | TableName 'NEXT_ROW_ID' | 'SLOW' AdminShowSlow ) | 'CHECK' ( 'TABLE' TableNameList | 'INDEX' TableName Identifier ( HandleRange ( ',' HandleRange )* )? ) | 'RECOVER' 'INDEX' TableName Identifier | 'CLEANUP' ( 'INDEX' TableName Identifier | 'TABLE' 'LOCK' TableNameList ) | 'CHECKSUM' 'TABLE' TableNameList | 'CANCEL' 'DDL' 'JOBS' NumList | 'RELOAD' ( 'EXPR_PUSHDOWN_BLACKLIST' | 'OPT_RULE_BLACKLIST' | 'BINDINGS' ) | 'PLUGINS' ( 'ENABLE' | 'DISABLE' ) PluginNameList | 'REPAIR' 'TABLE' TableName CreateTableStmt | ( 'FLUSH' | 'CAPTURE' | 'EVOLVE' ) 'BINDINGS' )
 
-![AdminStmt](/media/sqlgram/AdminStmt.png)
+NumList ::=
+    Int64Num ( ',' Int64Num )*
 
-**NumList:**
-
-![NumList](/media/sqlgram/NumList.png)
-
-**WhereClauseOptional:**
-
-![WhereClauseOptional](/media/sqlgram/WhereClauseOptional.png)
+WhereClauseOptional ::=
+    WhereClause?
+```
 
 ## Examples
 

diff --git a/sql-statements/sql-statement-admin.md b/sql-statements/sql-statement-admin.md
@@ -62,9 +62,10 @@ If the consistency check is passed, an empty result is returned. Otherwise, an e
 
 ## Synopsis
 
-**AdminStmt:**
-
-![AdminStmt](/media/sqlgram/AdminStmt.png)
+```ebnf+diagram
+AdminStmt ::=
+    'ADMIN' ( 'SHOW' ( 'DDL' ( 'JOBS' Int64Num? WhereClauseOptional | 'JOB' 'QUERIES' NumList )? | TableName 'NEXT_ROW_ID' | 'SLOW' AdminShowSlow ) | 'CHECK' ( 'TABLE' TableNameList | 'INDEX' TableName Identifier ( HandleRange ( ',' HandleRange )* )? ) | 'RECOVER' 'INDEX' TableName Identifier | 'CLEANUP' ( 'INDEX' TableName Identifier | 'TABLE' 'LOCK' TableNameList ) | 'CHECKSUM' 'TABLE' TableNameList | 'CANCEL' 'DDL' 'JOBS' NumList | 'RELOAD' ( 'EXPR_PUSHDOWN_BLACKLIST' | 'OPT_RULE_BLACKLIST' | 'BINDINGS' ) | 'PLUGINS' ( 'ENABLE' | 'DISABLE' ) PluginNameList | 'REPAIR' 'TABLE' TableName CreateTableStmt | ( 'FLUSH' | 'CAPTURE' | 'EVOLVE' ) 'BINDINGS' )
+```
 
 ## Examples
 

diff --git a/sql-statements/sql-statement-alter-instance.md b/sql-statements/sql-statement-alter-instance.md
@@ -18,7 +18,12 @@ When an error occurs during reloading, by default, this error message is returne
 
 ## Syntax diagram
 
-![AlterInstanceStmt](/media/sqlgram/AlterInstanceStmt.png)
+**AlterInstanceStmt:**
+
+```ebnf+diagram
+AlterInstanceStmt ::=
+    'ALTER' 'INSTANCE' InstanceOption
+```
 
 ## Example
 

diff --git a/sql-statements/sql-statement-alter-table.md b/sql-statements/sql-statement-alter-table.md
@@ -13,17 +13,36 @@ This statement modifies an existing table to conform to a new table structure. T
 
 ## Synopsis
 
-**AlterTableStmt:**
-
-![AlterTableStmt](/media/sqlgram/AlterTableStmt.png)
-
-**TableName:**
-
-![TableName](/media/sqlgram/TableName.png)
-
-**AlterTableSpec:**
-
-![AlterTableSpec](/media/sqlgram/AlterTableSpec.png)
+```ebnf+diagram
+AlterTableStmt ::=
+    'ALTER' IgnoreOptional 'TABLE' TableName ( AlterTableSpecListOpt AlterTablePartitionOpt | 'ANALYZE' 'PARTITION' PartitionNameList ( 'INDEX' IndexNameList )? AnalyzeOptionListOpt )
+
+TableName ::=
+    Identifier ('.' Identifier)?
+
+AlterTableSpec ::=
+    TableOptionList
+|   'SET' 'TIFLASH' 'REPLICA' LengthNum LocationLabelList
+|   'CONVERT' 'TO' CharsetKw ( CharsetName | 'DEFAULT' ) OptCollate
+|   'ADD' ( ColumnKeywordOpt IfNotExists ( ColumnDef ColumnPosition | '(' TableElementList ')' ) | Constraint | 'PARTITION' IfNotExists NoWriteToBinLogAliasOpt ( PartitionDefinitionListOpt | 'PARTITIONS' NUM ) )
+|   ( ( 'CHECK' | 'TRUNCATE' ) 'PARTITION' | ( 'OPTIMIZE' | 'REPAIR' | 'REBUILD' ) 'PARTITION' NoWriteToBinLogAliasOpt ) AllOrPartitionNameList
+|   'COALESCE' 'PARTITION' NoWriteToBinLogAliasOpt NUM
+|   'DROP' ( ColumnKeywordOpt IfExists ColumnName RestrictOrCascadeOpt | 'PRIMARY' 'KEY' |  'PARTITION' IfExists PartitionNameList | ( KeyOrIndex IfExists | 'CHECK' ) Identifier | 'FOREIGN' 'KEY' IfExists Symbol )
+|   'EXCHANGE' 'PARTITION' Identifier 'WITH' 'TABLE' TableName WithValidationOpt
+|   ( 'IMPORT' | 'DISCARD' ) ( 'PARTITION' AllOrPartitionNameList )? 'TABLESPACE'
+|   'REORGANIZE' 'PARTITION' NoWriteToBinLogAliasOpt ReorganizePartitionRuleOpt
+|   'ORDER' 'BY' AlterOrderItem ( ',' AlterOrderItem )*
+|   ( 'DISABLE' | 'ENABLE' ) 'KEYS'
+|   ( 'MODIFY' ColumnKeywordOpt IfExists | 'CHANGE' ColumnKeywordOpt IfExists ColumnName ) ColumnDef ColumnPosition
+|   'ALTER' ( ColumnKeywordOpt ColumnName ( 'SET' 'DEFAULT' ( SignedLiteral | '(' Expression ')' ) | 'DROP' 'DEFAULT' ) | 'CHECK' Identifier EnforcedOrNot | 'INDEX' Identifier IndexInvisible )
+|   'RENAME' ( ( 'COLUMN' | KeyOrIndex ) Identifier 'TO' Identifier | ( 'TO' | '='? | 'AS' ) TableName )
+|   LockClause
+|   AlgorithmClause
+|   'FORCE'
+|   ( 'WITH' | 'WITHOUT' ) 'VALIDATION'
+|   'SECONDARY_LOAD'
+|   'SECONDARY_UNLOAD'
+```
 
 ## Examples
 

diff --git a/sql-statements/sql-statement-alter-user.md b/sql-statements/sql-statement-alter-user.md
@@ -10,17 +10,16 @@ This statement changes an existing user inside the TiDB privilege system. In the
 
 ## Synopsis
 
-**AlterUserStmt:**
+```ebnf+diagram
+AlterUserStmt ::=
+    'ALTER' 'USER' IfExists (UserSpecList RequireClauseOpt ConnectionOptions PasswordOrLockOptions | 'USER' '(' ')' 'IDENTIFIED' 'BY' AuthString)
 
-![AlterUserStmt](/media/sqlgram/AlterUserStmt.png)
+UserSpecList ::=
+    UserSpec ( ',' UserSpec )*
 
-**UserSpecList:**
-
-![UserSpecList](/media/sqlgram/UserSpecList.png)
-
-**UserSpec:**
-
-![UserSpec](/media/sqlgram/UserSpec.png)
+UserSpec ::=
+    Username AuthOption
+```
 
 ## Examples
 

diff --git a/sql-statements/sql-statement-analyze-table.md b/sql-statements/sql-statement-analyze-table.md
@@ -12,17 +12,16 @@ TiDB will also automatically update its statistics over time as it discovers tha
 
 ## Synopsis
 
-**AnalyzeTableStmt:**
+```ebnf+diagram
+AnalyzeTableStmt ::=
+    'ANALYZE' ( 'TABLE' ( TableNameList | TableName ( 'INDEX' IndexNameList | 'PARTITION' PartitionNameList ( 'INDEX' IndexNameList )? ) ) | 'INCREMENTAL' 'TABLE' TableName ( 'PARTITION' PartitionNameList )? 'INDEX' IndexNameList ) AnalyzeOptionListOpt
 
-![AnalyzeTableStmt](/media/sqlgram/AnalyzeTableStmt.png)
+TableNameList ::=
+    TableName (',' TableName)*
 
-**TableNameList:**
-
-![TableNameList](/media/sqlgram/TableNameList.png)
-
-**TableName:**
-
-![TableName](/media/sqlgram/TableName.png)
+TableName ::=
+    Identifier ( '.' Identifier )?
+```
 
 ## Examples