Warning
R3F v8 is not compatible with React 19 or Next 15, which uses React 19. Use the R3F v9 RC instead which can be installed with @react-three/fiber@rc
.
Note
While we work on R3F v9 you can track compatibility of different libraries and common workarounds here.
react-three-fiber is a React renderer for threejs.
Build your scene declaratively with re-usable, self-contained components that react to state, are readily interactive and can participate in React's ecosystem.
npm install three @types/three @react-three/fiber
None. Everything that works in Threejs will work here without exception.
No. There is no overhead. Components render outside of React. It outperforms Threejs in scale due to React's scheduling abilities.
Yes. It merely expresses Threejs in JSX, <mesh />
dynamically turns into new THREE.Mesh()
. If a new Threejs version adds, removes or changes features, it will be available to you instantly without depending on updates to this library.
Let's make a re-usable component that has its own state, reacts to user-input and participates in the render-loop. (live demo). |
import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
import React, { useRef, useState } from 'react'
import { Canvas, useFrame } from '@react-three/fiber'
function Box(props) {
// This reference gives us direct access to the THREE.Mesh object
const ref = useRef()
// Hold state for hovered and clicked events
const [hovered, hover] = useState(false)
const [clicked, click] = useState(false)
// Subscribe this component to the render-loop, rotate the mesh every frame
useFrame((state, delta) => (ref.current.rotation.x += delta))
// Return the view, these are regular Threejs elements expressed in JSX
return (
<mesh
{...props}
ref={ref}
scale={clicked ? 1.5 : 1}
onClick={(event) => click(!clicked)}
onPointerOver={(event) => hover(true)}
onPointerOut={(event) => hover(false)}>
<boxGeometry args={[1, 1, 1]} />
<meshStandardMaterial color={hovered ? 'hotpink' : 'orange'} />
</mesh>
)
}
createRoot(document.getElementById('root')).render(
<Canvas>
<ambientLight intensity={Math.PI / 2} />
<spotLight position={[10, 10, 10]} angle={0.15} penumbra={1} decay={0} intensity={Math.PI} />
<pointLight position={[-10, -10, -10]} decay={0} intensity={Math.PI} />
<Box position={[-1.2, 0, 0]} />
<Box position={[1.2, 0, 0]} />
</Canvas>,
)
Show TypeScript example
npm install @types/three
import * as THREE from 'three'
import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
import React, { useRef, useState } from 'react'
import { Canvas, useFrame, ThreeElements } from '@react-three/fiber'
function Box(props: ThreeElements['mesh']) {
const ref = useRef<THREE.Mesh>(null!)
const [hovered, hover] = useState(false)
const [clicked, click] = useState(false)
useFrame((state, delta) => (ref.current.rotation.x += delta))
return (
<mesh
{...props}
ref={ref}
scale={clicked ? 1.5 : 1}
onClick={(event) => click(!clicked)}
onPointerOver={(event) => hover(true)}
onPointerOut={(event) => hover(false)}>
<boxGeometry args={[1, 1, 1]} />
<meshStandardMaterial color={hovered ? 'hotpink' : 'orange'} />
</mesh>
)
}
createRoot(document.getElementById('root') as HTMLElement).render(
<Canvas>
<ambientLight intensity={Math.PI / 2} />
<spotLight position={[10, 10, 10]} angle={0.15} penumbra={1} decay={0} intensity={Math.PI} />
<pointLight position={[-10, -10, -10]} decay={0} intensity={Math.PI} />
<Box position={[-1.2, 0, 0]} />
<Box position={[1.2, 0, 0]} />
</Canvas>,
)
Live demo: https://codesandbox.io/s/icy-tree-brnsm?file=/src/App.tsx
Show React Native example
This example relies on react 18 and uses expo-cli
, but you can create a bare project with their template or with the react-native
CLI.
# Install expo-cli, this will create our app
npm install expo-cli -g
# Create app and cd into it
expo init my-app
cd my-app
# Install dependencies
npm install three @react-three/fiber@beta react@rc
# Start
expo start
Some configuration may be required to tell the Metro bundler about your assets if you use useLoader
or Drei abstractions like useGLTF
and useTexture
:
// metro.config.js
module.exports = {
resolver: {
sourceExts: ['js', 'jsx', 'json', 'ts', 'tsx', 'cjs'],
assetExts: ['glb', 'png', 'jpg'],
},
}
import React, { useRef, useState } from 'react'
import { Canvas, useFrame } from '@react-three/fiber/native'
function Box(props) {
const mesh = useRef(null)
const [hovered, setHover] = useState(false)
const [active, setActive] = useState(false)
useFrame((state, delta) => (mesh.current.rotation.x += delta))
return (
<mesh
{...props}
ref={mesh}
scale={active ? 1.5 : 1}
onClick={(event) => setActive(!active)}
onPointerOver={(event) => setHover(true)}
onPointerOut={(event) => setHover(false)}>
<boxGeometry args={[1, 1, 1]} />
<meshStandardMaterial color={hovered ? 'hotpink' : 'orange'} />
</mesh>
)
}
export default function App() {
return (
<Canvas>
<ambientLight intensity={Math.PI / 2} />
<spotLight position={[10, 10, 10]} angle={0.15} penumbra={1} decay={0} intensity={Math.PI} />
<pointLight position={[-10, -10, -10]} decay={0} intensity={Math.PI} />
<Box position={[-1.2, 0, 0]} />
<Box position={[1.2, 0, 0]} />
</Canvas>
)
}
Visit docs.pmnd.rs
You need to be versed in both React and Threejs before rushing into this. If you are unsure about React consult the official React docs, especially the section about hooks. As for Threejs, make sure you at least glance over the following links:
- Make sure you have a basic grasp of Threejs. Keep that site open.
- When you know what a scene is, a camera, mesh, geometry, material, fork the demo above.
- Look up the JSX elements that you see (mesh, ambientLight, etc), all threejs exports are native to three-fiber.
- Try changing some values, scroll through our API to see what the various settings and hooks do.
Some helpful material:
- Threejs-docs and examples
- Discover Threejs, especially the Tips and Tricks chapter for best practices
- Bruno Simons Threejs Jouney, arguably the best learning resource, now includes a full R3F chapter
There is a vibrant and extensive eco system around three-fiber, full of libraries, helpers and abstractions.
@react-three/drei
β useful helpers, this is an eco system in itself@react-three/gltfjsx
β turns GLTFs into JSX components@react-three/postprocessing
β post-processing effects@react-three/uikit
β WebGL rendered UI components for three-fiber@react-three/test-renderer
β for unit tests in node@react-three/offscreen
β offscreen/worker canvas for react-three-fiber@react-three/flex
β flexbox for react-three-fiber@react-three/xr
β VR/AR controllers and events@react-three/csg
β constructive solid geometry@react-three/rapier
β 3D physics using Rapier@react-three/cannon
β 3D physics using Cannon@react-three/p2
β 2D physics using P2@react-three/a11y
β real a11y for your scene@react-three/gpu-pathtracer
β realistic path tracingcreate-r3f-app next
β nextjs starterlamina
β layer based shader materialszustand
β flux based state managementjotai
β atoms based state managementvaltio
β proxy based state managementreact-spring
β a spring-physics-based animation libraryframer-motion-3d
β framer motion, a popular animation libraryuse-gesture
β mouse/touch gesturesleva
β create GUI controls in secondsmaath
β a kitchen sink for math helpersminiplex
β ECS (entity management system)composer-suite
β composing shaders, particles, effects and game mechanicstriplex
β scene editor for react-three-fiberkoestlich
β UI component library for react-three-fiber
Usage Trend of the @react-three Family
A small selection of companies and projects relying on three-fiber.
vercel
(design agency)basement
(design agency)studio freight
(design agency)14 islands
(design agency)ueno
(design agency) β videoflux.ai
(PCB builder)colorful.app
(modeller)bezi
(modeller)readyplayer.me
(avatar configurator)zillow
(real estate)lumalabs.ai/genie
(AI models)skybox.blockadelabs
(AI envmaps)3dconfig
(floor planer)buerli.io
(CAD)getencube
(CAD)glowbuzzer
(CAD) β videotriplex
(editor) β videotheatrejs
(editor) β video
If you like this project, please consider helping out. All contributions are welcome as well as donations to Opencollective, or in crypto BTC: 36fuguTPxGCNnYZSRdgdh6Ea94brCAjMbH
, ETH: 0x6E3f79Ea1d0dcedeb33D3fC6c34d2B1f156F2682
.
Thank you to all our backers! π
This project exists thanks to all the people who contribute.