(PUP-897) Allow rpm package provider to query by virtual package name.

[peterhuene]

Some providers that inherit from the rpm provider, such as the yum provider, do
a query after installing a package. If the package is specified by a virtual name,
the yum provider installs the package successfully, but the base rpm provider
implementation fails to query the installed package. This causes a confusing
"could not find package" error even though the package was installed.

Passing the '--whatprovides' option to rpm when performing a query instructs rpm
to locate packages that provide the given virtual name. This enables child providers
to install by virtual package name without errors.

[puppetcla]

CLA signed by all contributors.

[skottler]

Was this intended to supersede #2364?

[peterhuene]

@skottler Yes, it appears so; I didn't see your PR and we had a long-standing ticket on the issue. While testing --whatprovides, I noticed that if is no package installed that provides the given virtual package, rpm returns an exit code of 1 with a "no package provides foo". Is there a reason you run rpm twice when handling the ExecutionFailure? Additionally, do you foresee any problems with always passing --whatprovides like this commit does instead of taking your approach? Thanks.