gh-140521: PR Splitting - Container Diagram (C4)

C4/container.md

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+
+## Level 2: Container Diagram
+
+```mermaid
+graph TB
+    subgraph "CPython Runtime System"
+        subgraph "Core Interpreter"
+            PARSER[Parser<br/>PEG Grammar<br/>AST Generation]
+            COMPILER[Compiler<br/>AST to Bytecode<br/>Optimization]
+            VM[Virtual Machine<br/>Bytecode Execution<br/>Tier 1 & Tier 2]
+        end
+
+        subgraph "Runtime Services"
+            GC[Garbage Collector<br/>Reference Counting<br/>Cycle Detection]
+            MEM[Memory Manager<br/>Object Allocation<br/>Free Lists]
+            THREAD[Threading System<br/>GIL Management<br/>Thread States]
+        end
+
+        subgraph "Object System"
+            OBJ[Object Model<br/>Type System<br/>Method Resolution]
+            BUILTIN[Built-in Types<br/>int, str, list, dict<br/>etc.]
+        end
+
+        subgraph "Module System"
+            IMPORT[Import System<br/>Module Loading<br/>Path Resolution]
+            STDLIB[Standard Library<br/>Built-in Modules<br/>Extension Modules]
+        end
+
+        subgraph "C API"
+            CAPI[C API<br/>Extension Interface<br/>Embedding Support]
+        end
+    end
+
+    subgraph "External Dependencies"
+        OS2[Operating System]
+        LIBS[System Libraries]
+    end
+
+    PARSER -->|"AST"| COMPILER
+    COMPILER -->|"Bytecode"| VM
+    VM -->|"Object Operations"| OBJ
+    VM -->|"Memory Requests"| MEM
+    VM -->|"GC Triggers"| GC
+    VM -->|"Thread Management"| THREAD
+
+    OBJ -->|"Type Operations"| BUILTIN
+    IMPORT -->|"Module Loading"| STDLIB
+    IMPORT -->|"Extension Loading"| CAPI
+
+    MEM -->|"System Calls"| OS2
+    THREAD -->|"Thread APIs"| OS2
+    STDLIB -->|"System Libraries"| LIBS
+    CAPI -->|"Extension Interface"| LIBS
+```