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bpo-34147: Describe briefly sampling w/out replacement in random #8325

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15 changes: 11 additions & 4 deletions Doc/library/random.rst
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Expand Up @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ distributions.
For integers, there is uniform selection from a range. For sequences, there is
uniform selection of a random element, a function to generate a random
permutation of a list in-place, and a function for random sampling without
replacement.
replacement [1]_.

On the real line, there are functions to compute uniform, normal (Gaussian),
lognormal, negative exponential, gamma, and beta distributions. For generating
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ Functions for sequences

.. function:: choices(population, weights=None, *, cum_weights=None, k=1)

Return a *k* sized list of elements chosen from the *population* with replacement.
Return a *k* sized list of elements chosen from the *population* with replacement [1]_.
If the *population* is empty, raises :exc:`IndexError`.

If a *weights* sequence is specified, selections are made according to the
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ Functions for sequences
.. function:: sample(population, k)

Return a *k* length list of unique elements chosen from the population sequence
or set. Used for random sampling without replacement.
or set. Used for random sampling without replacement [1]_.

Returns a new list containing elements from the population while leaving the
original population unchanged. The resulting list is in selection order so that
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ Simulations::

Example of `statistical bootstrapping
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bootstrapping_(statistics)>`_ using resampling
with replacement to estimate a confidence interval for the mean of a sample of
with replacement [1]_ to estimate a confidence interval for the mean of a sample of
size five::

# http://statistics.about.com/od/Applications/a/Example-Of-Bootstrapping.htm
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -477,3 +477,10 @@ Simulation of arrival times and service deliveries in a single server queue::
a tutorial by `Peter Norvig <http://norvig.com/bio.html>`_ covering
the basics of probability theory, how to write simulations, and
how to perform data analysis using Python.


.. rubric:: Footnotes

.. [1] Sampling can be done with or without replacement. Sampling with
replacement may select the same element more than once, while sampling
without replacement will not select the same element more than once.