sourcemeta · jviotti · Oct 28, 2025 · Oct 28, 2025
diff --git a/README.markdown b/README.markdown
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ expressed as JSON Schema definitions.
 
 | Organisation | Standard | Title |
 |--------------|----------|-------|
+| IEEE | [IEEE Std 754-2019](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8766229) | IEEE Standard for Floating-Point Arithmetic |
 | IEEE | [IEEE Std 1003.1-2017](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/) | IEEE Standard for Information Technology—Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) Base Specifications, Issue 7 |
 | IETF | [RFC 3986](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3986) | Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax |
 | IETF | [RFC 4918](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4918) | HTTP Extensions for Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV) |

diff --git a/schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary16-special.json b/schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary16-special.json
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+  "title": "IEEE 754-2019 Half Precision Binary Floating-Point with Special Values (binary16)",
+  "description": "A 16-bit binary floating-point format, extended to accept special values as strings",
+  "examples": [
+    0.0,
+    1.0,
+    -1.0,
+    3.14,
+    65504.0,
+    -65504.0,
+    "NaN",
+    "+Inf",
+    "-Inf",
+    "qNaN"
+  ],
+  "x-license": "https://github.com/sourcemeta/std/blob/main/LICENSE",
+  "x-links": [ "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8766229" ],
+  "anyOf": [
+    {
+      "$ref": "./binary16.json"
+    },
+    {
+      "$ref": "./special.json"
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary16.json b/schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary16.json
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+  "title": "IEEE 754-2019 Half Precision Binary Floating-Point (binary16)",
+  "description": "A 16-bit binary floating-point format. Also known as half precision",
+  "examples": [ 0.0, 1.0, -1.0, 3.14, 65504.0, -65504.0, 6.10352e-05 ],
+  "x-license": "https://github.com/sourcemeta/std/blob/main/LICENSE",
+  "x-links": [ "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8766229" ],
+  "type": "number",
+  "maximum": 65504.0,
+  "minimum": -65504.0
+}
diff --git a/schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary32-special.json b/schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary32-special.json
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+  "title": "IEEE 754-2019 Single Precision Binary Floating-Point with Special Values (binary32)",
+  "description": "A 32-bit binary floating-point format, extended to accept special values as strings",
+  "examples": [
+    0.0,
+    1.5,
+    -3.14,
+    340282346638528859811704183484516925440.0,
+    -340282346638528859811704183484516925440.0,
+    "NaN",
+    "+Inf",
+    "-Inf",
+    "sNaN"
+  ],
+  "x-license": "https://github.com/sourcemeta/std/blob/main/LICENSE",
+  "x-links": [ "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8766229" ],
+  "anyOf": [
+    {
+      "$ref": "./binary32.json"
+    },
+    {
+      "$ref": "./special.json"
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary32.json b/schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary32.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+  "title": "IEEE 754-2019 Single Precision Binary Floating-Point (binary32)",
+  "description": "A 32-bit binary floating-point format",
+  "examples": [
+    0.0,
+    1.5,
+    -3.14,
+    340282346638528859811704183484516925440.0,
+    -340282346638528859811704183484516925440.0,
+    1.4013e-45
+  ],
+  "x-license": "https://github.com/sourcemeta/std/blob/main/LICENSE",
+  "x-links": [ "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8766229" ],
+  "type": "number",
+  "maximum": 340282346638528859811704183484516925440.0,
+  "minimum": -340282346638528859811704183484516925440.0
+}
diff --git a/schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary64-special.json b/schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary64-special.json
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+  "title": "IEEE 754-2019 Double Precision Binary Floating-Point with Special Values (binary64)",
+  "description": "A 64-bit binary floating-point format",
+  "examples": [
+    0.0,
+    1.5,
+    -3.14159,
+    299800000.0,
+    179769313486231570814527423731704356798070567525844996598917476803157260780028538760589558632766878171540458953514382464234321326889464182768467546703537516986049910576551282076245490090389328944075868508455133942304583236903222948165808559332123348274797826204144723168738177180919299881250404026184124858368.0,
+    -179769313486231570814527423731704356798070567525844996598917476803157260780028538760589558632766878171540458953514382464234321326889464182768467546703537516986049910576551282076245490090389328944075868508455133942304583236903222948165808559332123348274797826204144723168738177180919299881250404026184124858368.0,
+    "NaN",
+    "+Inf",
+    "-Inf",
+    "qNaN"
+  ],
+  "x-license": "https://github.com/sourcemeta/std/blob/main/LICENSE",
+  "x-links": [ "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8766229" ],
+  "anyOf": [
+    {
+      "$ref": "./binary64.json"
+    },
+    {
+      "$ref": "./special.json"
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary64.json b/schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary64.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+  "title": "IEEE 754-2019 Double Precision Binary Floating-Point (binary64)",
+  "description": "A 64-bit binary floating-point format",
+  "examples": [
+    0.0,
+    1.5,
+    -3.14159,
+    299800000.0,
+    179769313486231570814527423731704356798070567525844996598917476803157260780028538760589558632766878171540458953514382464234321326889464182768467546703537516986049910576551282076245490090389328944075868508455133942304583236903222948165808559332123348274797826204144723168738177180919299881250404026184124858368.0,
+    -179769313486231570814527423731704356798070567525844996598917476803157260780028538760589558632766878171540458953514382464234321326889464182768467546703537516986049910576551282076245490090389328944075868508455133942304583236903222948165808559332123348274797826204144723168738177180919299881250404026184124858368.0
+  ],
+  "x-license": "https://github.com/sourcemeta/std/blob/main/LICENSE",
+  "x-links": [ "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8766229" ],
+  "type": "number",
+  "maximum": 179769313486231570814527423731704356798070567525844996598917476803157260780028538760589558632766878171540458953514382464234321326889464182768467546703537516986049910576551282076245490090389328944075868508455133942304583236903222948165808559332123348274797826204144723168738177180919299881250404026184124858368.0,
+  "minimum": -179769313486231570814527423731704356798070567525844996598917476803157260780028538760589558632766878171540458953514382464234321326889464182768467546703537516986049910576551282076245490090389328944075868508455133942304583236903222948165808559332123348274797826204144723168738177180919299881250404026184124858368.0
+}
diff --git a/schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/special.json b/schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/special.json
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+  "title": "IEEE 754-2019 Special Floating-Point Values",
+  "description": "Special floating-point values: NaN (Not-a-Number) with quiet and signaling variants, and positive/negative infinities",
+  "examples": [ "NaN", "qNaN", "sNaN", "+Inf", "-Inf" ],
+  "x-license": "https://github.com/sourcemeta/std/blob/main/LICENSE",
+  "x-links": [ "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8766229" ],
+  "enum": [ "NaN", "qNaN", "sNaN", "+Inf", "-Inf" ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/iso/c/2024/double.json b/schemas/iso/c/2024/double.json
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 {
   "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
   "title": "ISO/IEC 9899:2024 Double Precision Floating Point (double)",
-  "description": "A double precision (64-bit) floating point type conforming to IEC 60559 (IEEE 754)",
-  "$comment": "The minimum and maximum represent `DBL_MAX` and `-DBL_MAX`. Special floating-point values are defined in a separate schema",
+  "description": "A double precision (64-bit) floating point type",
   "examples": [
     0.0,
     1.5,
@@ -18,9 +17,7 @@
   "x-links": [ "https://www.iso.org/standard/82075.html" ],
   "anyOf": [
     {
-      "type": "number",
-      "maximum": 179769313486231570814527423731704356798070567525844996598917476803157260780028538760589558632766878171540458953514382464234321326889464182768467546703537516986049910576551282076245490090389328944075868508455133942304583236903222948165808559332123348274797826204144723168738177180919299881250404026184124858368.0,
-      "minimum": -179769313486231570814527423731704356798070567525844996598917476803157260780028538760589558632766878171540458953514382464234321326889464182768467546703537516986049910576551282076245490090389328944075868508455133942304583236903222948165808559332123348274797826204144723168738177180919299881250404026184124858368.0
+      "$ref": "../../../ieee/floating-point/2019/binary64.json"
     },
     {
       "$ref": "./float-special.json"

diff --git a/schemas/iso/c/2024/float-special.json b/schemas/iso/c/2024/float-special.json
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
   "title": "ISO/IEC 9899:2024 Special Floating-Point Values",
-  "description": "Special floating-point values as defined in `<math.h>`. These are represented as strings since JSON numbers cannot express these values",
+  "description": "Special floating-point values as defined in `<math.h>`",
   "examples": [ "NAN", "INFINITY", "-INFINITY" ],
   "x-license": "https://github.com/sourcemeta/std/blob/main/LICENSE",
   "x-links": [ "https://www.iso.org/standard/82075.html" ],

diff --git a/schemas/iso/c/2024/float.json b/schemas/iso/c/2024/float.json
@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 {
   "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
   "title": "ISO/IEC 9899:2024 Single Precision Floating Point (float)",
-  "description": "A single precision (32-bit) floating point type conforming to IEC 60559 (IEEE 754)",
-  "$comment": "The minimum and maximum represent `FLT_MAX` and `-FLT_MAX`. Special floating-point values are defined in a separate schema",
+  "description": "A single precision (32-bit) floating point type",
   "examples": [
     0.0,
     1.5,
     -3.14,
-    340282346600000016151267322115014000640.0,
-    -340282346600000016151267322115014000640.0,
+    340282346638528859811704183484516925440.0,
+    -340282346638528859811704183484516925440.0,
     "NAN",
     "INFINITY",
     "-INFINITY"
@@ -17,9 +16,7 @@
   "x-links": [ "https://www.iso.org/standard/82075.html" ],
   "anyOf": [
     {
-      "type": "number",
-      "maximum": 340282346600000016151267322115014000640.0,
-      "minimum": -340282346600000016151267322115014000640.0
+      "$ref": "../../../ieee/floating-point/2019/binary32.json"
     },
     {
       "$ref": "./float-special.json"

diff --git a/test/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary16-special.test.json b/test/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary16-special.test.json
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+{
+  "x-license": "https://github.com/sourcemeta/std/blob/main/LICENSE",
+  "target": "../../../../schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary16-special.json",
+  "tests": [
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - zero",
+      "data": 0.0,
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - positive value",
+      "data": 1.0,
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - negative value",
+      "data": -1.0,
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - maximum value",
+      "data": 65504.0,
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - minimum value",
+      "data": -65504.0,
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - NaN",
+      "data": "NaN",
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - qNaN",
+      "data": "qNaN",
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - sNaN",
+      "data": "sNaN",
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - +Inf",
+      "data": "+Inf",
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - -Inf",
+      "data": "-Inf",
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid - above maximum",
+      "data": 70000.0,
+      "valid": false
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid - below minimum",
+      "data": -70000.0,
+      "valid": false
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid - lowercase nan",
+      "data": "nan",
+      "valid": false
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid - C23 style NAN",
+      "data": "NAN",
+      "valid": false
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid - C23 style INFINITY",
+      "data": "INFINITY",
+      "valid": false
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid type - boolean",
+      "data": false,
+      "valid": false
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid type - null",
+      "data": null,
+      "valid": false
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid type - array",
+      "data": [],
+      "valid": false
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid type - object",
+      "data": {},
+      "valid": false
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/test/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary16.test.json b/test/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary16.test.json
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+{
+  "x-license": "https://github.com/sourcemeta/std/blob/main/LICENSE",
+  "target": "../../../../schemas/ieee/floating-point/2019/binary16.json",
+  "tests": [
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - zero",
+      "data": 0.0,
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - positive value",
+      "data": 1.0,
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - negative value",
+      "data": -1.0,
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - pi approximation",
+      "data": 3.14,
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - maximum value",
+      "data": 65504.0,
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - minimum value",
+      "data": -65504.0,
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - small positive value",
+      "data": 6.10352e-05,
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Valid - small negative value",
+      "data": -6.10352e-05,
+      "valid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid - above maximum",
+      "data": 70000.0,
+      "valid": false
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid - below minimum",
+      "data": -70000.0,
+      "valid": false
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid type - boolean",
+      "data": false,
+      "valid": false
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid type - null",
+      "data": null,
+      "valid": false
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid type - string",
+      "data": "1.0",
+      "valid": false
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid type - array",
+      "data": [],
+      "valid": false
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Invalid type - object",
+      "data": {},
+      "valid": false
+    }
+  ]
+}