This appears to be a regression when migrating to Spring Data MongoDB 5.0.0, as there's nothing in the release notes about this.
Everywhere we project to a Map, when we do:
var result = mongoOperations.aggregate(aggregation, Map.class)
we get
No mapping metadata found for java.lang.Object
org.springframework.data.mapping.MappingException: No mapping metadata found for java.lang.Object
at org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.convert.MappingMongoConverter.doReadProjection(MappingMongoConverter.java:397)
at org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.convert.MappingMongoConverter.project(MappingMongoConverter.java:366)
WORKAROUND: In our case we can replace the Map with a record with the fields we need.