feat(java-base): Add openjdk-devel package

[sbernauer]

Description

As decided in Arch meeting on 2024-01-25
For stackabletech/spark-k8s-operator#340

Definition of Done Checklist

• Not all of these items are applicable to all PRs, the author should update this template to only leave the boxes in that are relevant
• Please make sure all these things are done and tick the boxes

- [x] Changes are OpenShift compatible
- [x] All added packages (via microdnf or otherwise) have a comment on why they are added
- [x] Things not downloaded from Red Hat repositories should be mirrored in the Stackable repository and downloaded from there
- [x] All packages should have (if available) signatures/hashes verified
- [ ] Does your change affect an SBOM? Make sure to update all SBOMs

[lfrancke]

This should probably also change the other Dockerfiles which might manually install devel right now including the parameters we added for that

Examples:
https://github.com/stackabletech/docker-images/blob/main/hadoop/Dockerfile#L17
https://github.com/stackabletech/docker-images/blob/main/conf.py#L63-L64

[sbernauer]

Good catch, wasn't aware of them!