Splitter

Splitter is a PowerShell module for working with Windows installation ISOs and install images. It can mount media, inspect install image indexes, export selected editions, apply servicing customizations, and build edition-specific bootable ISOs.

Features

• Edition-agnostic ISO splitting with Split-WindowsInstallMedia
• Install image discovery and export (WIM/ESD)
• Optional offline servicing support:
  • Add-WindowsDriver
  • Add-WindowsPackage
  • Add-UnattendFile
• Verbose, user-controlled progress output
• Supports WhatIf on destructive and media-modifying operations where applicable

Requirements

• Windows with PowerShell 5.1+ or PowerShell 7+
• Required binary: dism.exe (used for image discovery/export/servicing)
  • Expected from Windows: C:\Windows\System32\dism.exe
  • Verify: Get-Command dism.exe
• Required binary for ISO creation: oscdimg.exe (used by Build-BootableIso and Split-WindowsInstallMedia when building an ISO)
  • Expected ADK path is detected automatically by Get-OscdimgPath:
    • C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Assessment and Deployment Kit\Deployment Tools\amd64\Oscdimg\oscdimg.exe
    • C:\Program Files\Windows Kits\10\Assessment and Deployment Kit\Deployment Tools\amd64\Oscdimg\oscdimg.exe
• Chocolatey install commands (run elevated) if needed:
  • Install Windows ADK: choco install windows-adk -y
• Permissions required to mount and dismount ISO images

Install and Import

From the repository root:

Import-Module .\Splitter.psd1 -Force
Get-Command -Module Splitter

From the PowerShell Gallery

PowerShell 7+

Install-PSResource Splitter -Scope CurrentUser

Windows PowerShell

Install-Module Splitter -Scope CurrentUser

Available Commands

The following commands are available:

Core media and image commands:

• Mount-WindowsInstallMedia
• Dismount-WindowsInstallMedia
• Get-WindowsInstallImage
• Export-WindowsInstallImage
• Remove-WindowsInstallImage
• New-WindowsInstallMedia
• Split-WindowsInstallMedia

Offline servicing commands:

• Add-WindowsDriver
• Add-WindowsPackage
• Add-UnattendFile
• Build-BootableIso

How to use Splitter

The easiest way to think about Splitter is as a 4-step workflow:

1. Split the ISO into a working media folder.
2. Inject files into that folder.
3. Add autounattend.xml if you want unattended setup.
4. Build the final bootable ISO.

If you only want the working folder and do not want an ISO yet, use -SkipBootableIso on Split-WindowsInstallMedia and run Build-BootableIso later.

Recommended end-to-end example

This is the cleanest copy-paste path when you want one edition, PowerShell 7, and an unattended install.

Import-Module .\Splitter.psd1 -Force

$sourceIso = 'C:\ISO\Server2025.iso'
$workingRoot = 'C:\work'
$outputIso = 'C:\out\Server2025_DesktopExperience-Standard.iso'
$msiSource = 'D:\Packages\PowerShell-7.6.3-win-x64.msi'
$unattendSource = 'D:\AnswerFiles\autounattend.xml'

$mount = Mount-WindowsInstallMedia -Path $sourceIso -Verbose

$baseMedia = Join-Path $workingRoot 'BaseMedia'
New-WindowsInstallMedia -SourcePath $mount.DriveRoot -DestinationPath $baseMedia -Verbose

$baseImage = Join-Path $baseMedia 'sources\install.wim'
if (-not (Test-Path $baseImage)) {
  $baseImage = Join-Path $baseMedia 'sources\install.esd'
}

$selectedImage = Get-WindowsInstallImage -ImagePath $baseImage -Name '*Standard*'

$editionMedia = Join-Path $workingRoot 'Server2025_DesktopExperience-Standard'
New-WindowsInstallMedia -SourcePath $baseMedia -DestinationPath $editionMedia -Verbose

Remove-WindowsInstallImage -MediaRoot $editionMedia -Verbose

$destinationImage = Join-Path $editionMedia (Join-Path 'sources' ([System.IO.Path]::GetFileName($baseImage)))
Export-WindowsInstallImage -SourceImagePath $baseImage -DestinationWim $destinationImage -Image $selectedImage -Compression max -Verbose

Add-UnattendFile -MediaRoot $editionMedia -UnattendPath $unattendSource -Verbose

$payloadDir = Join-Path $editionMedia 'sources\$OEM$\$1\Install'
New-Item -Path $payloadDir -ItemType Directory -Force | Out-Null
Copy-Item -LiteralPath $msiSource -Destination (Join-Path $payloadDir 'PowerShell-7.6.3-win-x64.msi') -Force

Build-BootableIso -MediaRoot $editionMedia -OutputIso $outputIso -Label 'WINSTD' -Verbose

Dismount-WindowsInstallMedia -InputObject $mount -Verbose

Command reference

Use these when you already know the step you need.

# Discover image names and indexes
$mount = Mount-WindowsInstallMedia -Path 'C:\ISO\Windows.iso' -Verbose
$imagePath = Join-Path $mount.DriveRoot 'sources\install.wim'
if (-not (Test-Path $imagePath)) {
  $imagePath = Join-Path $mount.DriveRoot 'sources\install.esd'
}
Get-WindowsInstallImage -ImagePath $imagePath | Format-Table Index, Name, Description -AutoSize
Dismount-WindowsInstallMedia -InputObject $mount -Verbose

# Split a source ISO and stop before building the ISO
Split-WindowsInstallMedia -SourceIso 'C:\ISO\Windows.iso' -EditionName 'Standard' -WorkingRoot 'C:\work' -OutputRoot 'C:\out' -SkipBootableIso -PassThru

# Split and build immediately
Split-WindowsInstallMedia -SourceIso 'C:\ISO\Windows.iso' -EditionName 'Standard', 'Datacenter' -WorkingRoot 'C:\work' -OutputRoot 'C:\out' -OutputBaseName 'WinServer_2025' -PassThru

# Inject drivers, packages, and unattend files into an existing working folder
Add-WindowsDriver -MediaRoot 'D:\Work\WindowsCustom-Standard' -DriverPath 'D:\Drivers' -Recurse -Index 1 -Verbose
Add-WindowsPackage -MediaRoot 'D:\Work\WindowsCustom-Standard' -PackagePath 'D:\Packages\kb.cab' -Index 1 -Verbose
Add-UnattendFile -MediaRoot 'D:\Work\WindowsCustom-Standard' -UnattendPath 'D:\AnswerFiles\autounattend.xml' -Verbose

# Build the final ISO from edited media
Build-BootableIso -MediaRoot 'D:\Work\WindowsCustom-Standard' -OutputIso 'D:\Out\WindowsCustom-Standard.iso' -Label 'WINSTD' -Verbose

Notes

• Split-WindowsInstallMedia still builds the ISO by default so the common case stays one command.
• Use -SkipBootableIso when you want to stop after the media folder is ready.
• sources\$OEM$\$1\Install copies files to C:\Install on the installed OS.
• The MSI filename copied into sources\$OEM$\$1\Install must exactly match the path referenced by autounattend.xml.
• FirstLogonCommands in autounattend.xml is the simplest place to launch an MSI after setup, but it runs only after the first interactive logon.

Verify unattend payloads before booting

Mount the finished ISO and confirm these paths exist before testing in a VM or on hardware:

$iso = 'C:\out\Server2025_DesktopExperience-Standard.iso'
$mount = Mount-DiskImage -ImagePath $iso -PassThru
$volume = $mount | Get-Volume
$drive = "$($volume.DriveLetter):\"

Test-Path (Join-Path $drive 'autounattend.xml')
Test-Path (Join-Path $drive 'sources\$OEM$\$1\Install\PowerShell-7.6.3-win-x64.msi')

Get-Content (Join-Path $drive 'autounattend.xml') | Select-String 'PowerShell-7.6.3-win-x64.msi'

Dismount-DiskImage -ImagePath $iso

If all three checks succeed, the ISO contains both the answer file and the MSI payload at the path the sample answer file expects.

Troubleshooting

• oscdimg.exe not found:
  • Install Windows ADK Deployment Tools.
  • Chocolatey install:
    • choco install windows-adk -y
  • Confirm path with Get-OscdimgPath after install.
• dism.exe not found:
  • Confirm with Get-Command dism.exe.
  • Use a standard Windows image with DISM available in C:\Windows\System32.
• No matching indexes found:
  • Run Example A to list available indexes and names from the source ISO.
  • Then rerun split with EditionName values that match Name or Description.
  • Wildcards are supported, for example 'Enterprise'.
• Mount or dismount failures:
  • Ensure elevated privileges and that no process has files locked in the mounted media.
• DISM servicing errors:
  • Check DISM output and confirm package/driver compatibility with the target image index.