test: run tests with different link types

[pared]

Currently our tests for different cache types usually deal with some specific use case, and assert intended behaviour for particular cache types.
E.g.
https://github.com/iterative/dvc/blob/f20818cd7382d119eb63cdc45608ab91635b6fc9/tests/test_checkout.py#L522
checks behavior only for "symlink" cache type.

We should consider writing consistent tests that would check appropriate behavior for each cache type. Parametrization might be a way to deal with that, but sometimes it will not be enough. (E.g. corrupting cache in hardlink and copy cache type would look differently, therefore it requires separate tests or some if's for cache type)

[efiop]

Directly related to #1841

[efiop]

stale