Add core/basic/controlflows

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ set(APP_SOURCES
     "src/DeleteMe.cpp"
     "src/core/basics/InitializeVariable.cpp"
     "src/core/basics/Operations.cpp"
+    "src/core/basics/ControlFlow.cpp"
 )
 
 # Test files

src/core/basics/ControlFlow.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <random>
+using namespace std;
+
+void conditionals()
+{
+    cout << "\n--- Conditional Examples ---\n";
+    // if-else
+    int x = rand();
+    cout << "x = " << x << "\n";
+    if (x > 0)
+    {
+        cout << "x is positive\n";
+    }
+    else if (x < 0)
+    {
+        cout << "x is negative\n";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        cout << "x is zero\n";
+    }
+
+    // switch
+    int choice = rand() % 2 + 1;
+    cout << "choice = " << x << "\n";
+    switch (choice)
+    {
+    case 1:
+        cout << "Choice is 1\n";
+        break;
+    case 2:
+        cout << "Choice is 2\n";
+        break;
+    default:
+        cout << "Choice is something else\n";
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+void jumps()
+{
+    cout << "\n--- Jump Statement Examples ---\n";
+
+    // goto
+    int num = rand();
+    if (num == 3)
+        goto jumpLabel;
+    cout << "This line will be skipped.\n";
+
+jumpLabel:
+    cout << "Jumped here using goto!\n";
+
+    // break / continue
+    for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i)
+    {
+        if (i == 2)
+            continue; // skip 2
+        if (i == 4)
+            break; // stop loop at 4
+        cout << "i = " << i << "\n";
+    }
+}
+
+int square(int n)
+{
+    // return
+    return n * n;
+}
+
+void functionCalls()
+{
+    cout << "\n--- Function Call Examples ---\n";
+    // function call
+    int result = square(5);
+    cout << "square(5) = " << result << "\n";
+}
+
+void loops()
+{
+    cout << "\n--- Loop Examples ---\n";
+
+    // while
+    int i = 0;
+    while (i < 3)
+    {
+        cout << "while loop i = " << i << "\n";
+        ++i;
+    }
+
+    // do-while
+    int j = 0;
+    do
+    {
+        cout << "do-while loop j = " << j << "\n";
+        ++j;
+    } while (j < 2);
+
+    // for
+    for (int k = 0; k < 3; ++k)
+    {
+        cout << "for loop k = " << k << "\n";
+    }
+
+    // ranged-for
+    const int arr[] = {10, 20, 30};
+    for (int value : arr)
+    {
+        cout << "ranged-for value = " << value << "\n";
+    }
+}
+
+void halts()
+{
+    cout << "\n--- Halt Examples ---\n";
+
+    // std::exit() — terminates the program normally
+    // std::abort() — terminates abnormally (no cleanup)
+    // Uncomment one at a time to see behavior
+
+    // std::exit(0);
+    // std::abort();
+}
+
+void exceptions()
+{
+    cout << "\n--- Exception Handling Examples ---\n";
+
+    // try - catch - throw
+    try
+    {
+        throw runtime_error("Something went wrong!");
+    }
+    catch (const exception &e)
+    {
+        cout << "Caught exception: " << e.what() << "\n";
+    }
+}
+
+// A struct that runs code when its object is created
+struct ControlFlow
+{
+    ControlFlow()
+    {
+        cout << "\n"
+             << "\n"
+             << "ControlFlow\n";
+        conditionals();
+        jumps();
+        functionCalls();
+        loops();
+        halts();
+        exceptions();
+    }
+};
+
+// All global and static objects are constructed before main() begins.
+static ControlFlow autoRunInstance;