tee: catch EINTR at write

[oech3]

@gabrielhnf cherry pick this at #12505 and reopen.

[github-actions]

GNU testsuite comparison:

Skip an intermittent issue tests/tail/tail-n0f (fails in this run but passes in the 'main' branch)
Skipping an intermittent issue tests/cut/bounded-memory (passes in this run but fails in the 'main' branch)
Skipping an intermittent issue tests/pr/bounded-memory (passes in this run but fails in the 'main' branch)

[gabrielhnf]

Thanks! Reopened now