42 C++ Modules

This repository contains my solutions to the 42 C++ modules (00 to 09). Each file demonstrates a specific concept or set of concepts from C++ (C++98 to C++ canonical form), following the school's progression.

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Module 00 — Basics & Syntax

File	Concept
ex00	Command-line arguments, basic output
ex01	Classes, private attributes, basic I/O, std::setw, string truncation

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Module 01 — Memory, References, and File I/O

File	Concept
ex00	Stack vs heap allocation, constructors
ex01	Heap allocation, delete
ex02	References vs pointers
ex03	Using references, initializer lists
ex04	File reading/writing, string manipulation
ex05	Pointers to member functions
ex06	Switch statments

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Module 02 — OOP and Ad-hoc Polymorphism

File	Concept
ex00	Orthodox Canonical Form, fixed-point arithmetic
ex01	Copy constructor, assignment operator
ex02	Roundf, operator overloading, static polymorphism

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Module 03 — Inheritance & Polymorphism

File	Concept
ex00	Orthodox Canonical Form
ex01	Basic inheritance
ex02	Derived classes and method specialization
ex03	Multiple inheritance, virtual inheritance

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Module 04 — Abstract Classes & Interfaces

File	Concept
ex00	Abstract classes, virtual methods, dynamic polymorphism
ex01	Deep copies, dynamic memory in class members
ex02	Abstract classes, pure virtual functions
ex03	Interfaces, pure abstract classes

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Module 05 — Exceptions

File	Concept
ex00	Exceptions, try and catch, custom error handling
ex01	Virtual methods, operator overload
ex02	Abstract classes, polymorphism
ex03	Switch Case

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Module 06 — Casting

File	Concept
ex00	Static casting, type identification, static functions
ex01	Reinterpret casting, uintptr_t
ex02	Dynamic casting by pointer and reference, try and catch

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Module 07 — Templates

File	Concept
ex00	Function templates
ex01	Function template overload, function pointer
ex02	Class templates

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Module 08 — Containers & STL

File	Concept
ex00	Template functions with containers
ex01	Efficient container algorithms and logic
ex02	Iterators and container adpaters

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Module 09 — Advanced Containers & STL

File	Concept
ex00	std::map
ex01	std::stack
ex02	Ford-Johnson algorithm, std::deque

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Tests

Where applicable, I’ve included test files or sample usage to demonstrate and validate each concept.

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Build & Run

All files can be compiled with a simple Makefile or using:

make

Or to include memory leak verification use (only in exercises where applicable):

make val