Make from_arrow not panic

[connortsui20]

Summary

Removes the assertion in the nulls function so that from_arrow errors instead of panicking if the nullable does not match the actually nullability of the arrow array.

Also documents the FromArrowArray trait and method.

Testing

2 basic unit tests.

[connortsui20]

This was the main reason for this change, it doesn't make much sense to assert when basically all callers return results

[codspeed-hq]

Merging this PR will improve performance by 16.11%

⚠️ Unknown Walltime execution environment detected

Using the Walltime instrument on standard Hosted Runners will lead to inconsistent data.

For the most accurate results, we recommend using CodSpeed Macro Runners: bare-metal machines fine-tuned for performance measurement consistency.

⚡ 3 improved benchmarks
❌ 1 regressed benchmark
✅ 1271 untouched benchmarks

Warning

Please fix the performance issues or acknowledge them on CodSpeed.

Performance Changes

	Mode	Benchmark	BASE	HEAD	Efficiency
❌	Simulation	bitwise_not_vortex_buffer_mut[128]	246.1 ns	275.3 ns	-10.6%
⚡	Simulation	chunked_bool_canonical_into[(1000, 10)]	45.2 µs	30.3 µs	+49.28%
⚡	Simulation	chunked_varbinview_into_canonical[(1000, 10)]	212.2 µs	175.8 µs	+20.7%
⚡	Simulation	chunked_varbinview_canonical_into[(100, 100)]	308.3 µs	273.3 µs	+12.82%

Tip

Investigate this regression by commenting @codspeedbot fix this regression on this PR, or directly use the CodSpeed MCP with your agent.

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_{Comparing ct/from-arrow (555566e) with develop (a958108)}