Summary:
1. Blacklist some paths for the bad_spacing_after_if_else_for_while lint
   rule.
1. Fix all issues with that lint rule.
Jira: DB-14690

Test Plan:
On Almalinux 8:

    [ -z "$(git ls-tree --name-only -rz HEAD -- src/postgres | grep -zE '\.(c|h)$' | xargs -0 arc lint | grep bad_spacing_after_if_else_for_while)" ]

Close: #25447
Jenkins: skip

Reviewers: dmitry

Reviewed By: dmitry

Subscribers: yql

Differential Revision: https://phorge.dev.yugabyte.com/D40916