Summary:
All our supported build platforms (Ubuntu 22.04+, Almalinux 8+) support GCC 12. This bumps
the minimum GCC version to GCC 12.
Jira: DB-18239

Test Plan: Jenkins

Reviewers: asrivastava

Reviewed By: asrivastava

Subscribers: yql, ybase

Tags: #jenkins-ready

Differential Revision: https://phorge.dev.yugabyte.com/D46343