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ZAP Protocol — Papers

Formal results on the ZAP wire, transport, and sub-protocol family. Every paper is in LaTeX, brand-neutral, and accompanies a proof in ../proofs/.

# Paper Topic Key result
1 pq-hybrid-kem Z-Wing triple-hybrid KEM (X25519 + ML-KEM-768 + ML-KEM-1024) IND-CCA2-AKE bound 2^-87 under standard assumptions
2 zero-copy-throughput Throughput vs gRPC/HTTP-2/QUIC/JSON p99 9–14× small msg vs JSON; 3.5–6× vs gRPC
3 transport-vs-jwt Transport-layer mutual auth vs bearer JWT ZAP advantage strictly dominates JWT; mint-storm impossibility
4 rns-identity-binding KEM-bound service naming Spoofing reduces to KEM key compromise + sig forge + small audit-able root
5 streaming-tail-latency Multi-stream pubsub, FEC, no head-of-line blocking Per-stream latency conditionally independent of other streams
6 fix-trading-channel FIX 4.4/5.0 over ZAP 1.5–8μs/msg savings vs FIX-over-TLS, 30–50% wire bytes
7 agent-communication ZAP-MCP / ZAP-A2A non-repudiation Audit artifact = signed frame; provenance chain bound k·(EUF-CMA + q²/2^257)
8 composability Categorical composition of sub-protocols ZAP-base is initial; tight-embedding additive loss bound

What composes onto what

Per the composability paper, every sub-protocol is a tight embedding of ZAP-base. Properties chain:

        ZAP-base  (PQ conf, mutual auth, zero-copy)
         ↑
         ├── zap-http          (HTTP req/resp; inherits all ZAP-base)
         ├── zap-ws            (multi-stream pubsub + FEC; HOL-blocking elimination)
         ├── zap-rns           (KEM-bound naming; inherits ZAP-base + adds spoofing reduction)
         ├── zap-fix           (FIX semantics; tail-latency-bounded)
         ├── zap-mcp           (MCP non-repudiation per frame)
         ├── zap-acp           (FIPA-style speech acts, signed)
         └── zap-a2a           (Google Agent2Agent, audit-grade)

A zap-fix session over zap-rns over zap-ws over zap-base inherits zap-base's post-quantum guarantees automatically — no FIX-specific PQ proof needed.

Build

Each paper directory has a Makefile. Most build under pdflatex (TeX Live 2025); a few are tested with tectonic. Compiled PDFs are checked in where the toolchain was available locally.

cd pq-hybrid-kem && make    # produces main.pdf
cd ../proofs/pq-hybrid-kem && make    # produces proof.pdf

License

CC-BY-4.0 for the paper text; MIT OR Apache-2.0 for any code samples.

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ZAP Protocol specifications and research papers

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