Flood-Watch: Sri Lanka

Real-Time Flood Early Warning System (Edge Node)

Status: Prototype (Tested on Magicbit Neo)
Built after: Cyclone Ditwah (2025)

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📌 What is Flood-Watch?

Flood-Watch is a low-cost flood monitoring device designed for riverbank and flood-prone communities in Sri Lanka.

Instead of relying on cloud servers, this system performs edge computing to detect flood risks locally and trigger alerts instantly — even when internet connectivity fails.

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Why Flood-Watch?

Traditional flood warning systems often fail due to:

• Internet outages
• Central server delays
• Late emergency alerts

Flood-Watch solves this by providing real-time, local flood alerts directly to the community.

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Main Features

🚦 Traffic Light Warning System

Color	Meaning	Alert
🟢 Green	Safe	No sound
🟡 Yellow	Warning	Slow beeps
🔴 Red	Danger / Evacuate	Continuous siren

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Flash Flood (Surge) Detection

• Measures how fast the water level rises
• Uses a 5-second moving average to reduce noise
• Triggers a FLASH FLOOD alert if:

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Works Without Internet

• No cloud dependency
• Alerts continue during network failures

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Live Display

• Onboard OLED screen
• Displays:
  • Water depth
  • Alert status
  • Water level graph

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Hardware Used

Component	Purpose
Magicbit Neo	ESP32-based controller
HC-SR04	Ultrasonic water level sensor
OLED Display	Visual alert output
Piezo Buzzer	Audio alarm
Power Bank	5V power supply
Jumper Wires	Wiring connections

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Wiring Connections

Ultrasonic Sensor → Magicbit Neo

Sensor Pin	Board Pin
VCC	5V
GND	GND
TRIG	D32
ECHO	D33

Notes:

• Buzzer is connected to Pin 25
• OLED uses built-in I2C pins

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⚙️ Setup Instructions

Step 1: Install Software

• Arduino IDE (Version 2.0 or higher)

Step 2: Install Board Support

• Open Boards Manager
• Install Magicbit or ESP32

Step 3: Install Libraries

• NewPing
• Adafruit GFX Library
• Adafruit SSD1306

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Step 4: Upload the Code

1. Open FloodWatch_Main.ino
2. Select Magicbit Neo as the board
3. Select the correct COM port
4. Click Upload

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How It Works

Water Depth Levels

Sensor height is fixed at 25 cm.

Depth	Status
< 12 cm	Safe
12 – 18 cm	Warning
> 18 cm	Evacuate

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Flash Flood Logic

• Measures water level every second
• Groups readings into 5-second blocks
• Calculates rise speed using:

If velocity exceeds 2 cm/s, the system:

• Overrides depth rules
• Triggers a Rapid Surge Alert

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Future Improvements

• Waterproof ultrasonic sensor (JSN-SR04T)
• LoRaWAN connectivity for long-range alerts
• Solar-powered operation

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🇱🇰 Project Goal

To build a simple, affordable, and reliable flood early warning system that protects lives when centralized systems fail.