chore: uplift Polkadot SDK + Frontier to stable2512

[ipapandinas]

Pull Request Summary

This PR adapts the Astar, Shiden, and Shibuya runtimes and the collator node binary to the PolkadotSDK stable2512 dependencies.

No new storage migrations are required for the stable2512 uplift itself.
Both collator and archive/RPC binaries must be updated as part of this upgrade.

Runtime changes

• Remove SelectCore/GetCoreSelectorApi (deprecated);
• add pallet_session::Currency + KeyDeposit;
• migrate execute_block/check_inherents to LazyBlock API;
• XcmPaymentApi bumped to v2; add query_delivery_fees asset_id parameter;
• add pallet_xcm::WeightInfo::weigh_message;
• add pallet_assets::ReserveData, pallet_evm::TransactionGasLimit, and pallet_ethereum::AllowUnprotectedTxs;
• reimplement AbsoluteAndRelativeReserveProvider without deprecated RelativeReserveProvider

Node changes

• Replace Proposer::new with direct ProposerFactory;
• wire collator_peer_id into Aura consensus;
• add tracing_execute_block: None to SpawnTasksParams;
• drop graph from Eth::new; wire LogsJournal into filter and pubsub RPC;
• overhaul trace CacheTask with LRU + block-range guard;
• update ParachainInherentData → BasicParachainInherentData + InboundMessagesData split in integration test setup;
• retain fc-db rocksdb feature.

Frontier changes - Osaka specs

• EIP-7825: Transaction Gas Limit Cap set to 35M
• EIP-7939: CLZ Opcode
• EIP-7883: MODEXP Gas Cost Increase
• EIP-7823: Upper Bound MODEXP

[ipapandinas]

/bench astar,shiden,shibuya all

[github-actions]

Benchmarks job is scheduled at https://github.com/AstarNetwork/Astar/actions/runs/27202468973.
Please wait for a while.
Branch: chore/uplift-stable2506
SHA: 1b9560a

[github-actions]

Benchmarks have been finished.
You can download artifacts if exists https://github.com/AstarNetwork/Astar/actions/runs/27202468973.

[github-actions]

Package	Line Rate	Branch Rate	Health
pallets/astar-xcm-benchmarks/src/fungible	100%	0%	✔
pallets/dapp-staking/rpc/runtime-api/src	0%	0%	❌
precompiles/substrate-ecdsa/src	74%	0%	➖
pallets/collator-selection/src	82%	0%	✔
pallets/dynamic-evm-base-fee/src	84%	0%	✔
precompiles/xcm/src	70%	0%	➖
pallets/dapp-staking/src	83%	0%	✔
pallets/dapp-staking/src/benchmarking	95%	0%	✔
precompiles/assets-erc20/src	77%	0%	➖
pallets/astar-xcm-benchmarks/src/generic	100%	0%	✔
precompiles/dapp-staking/src/test	0%	0%	❌
primitives/src/xcm	66%	0%	➖
pallets/collective-proxy/src	94%	0%	✔
pallets/dapp-staking/src/test	0%	0%	❌
pallets/democracy-mbm/src	30%	0%	❌
pallets/xc-asset-config/src	57%	0%	➖
pallets/inflation/src	58%	0%	➖
pallets/vesting-mbm/src	87%	0%	✔
precompiles/sr25519/src	69%	0%	➖
pallets/astar-xcm-benchmarks/src	86%	0%	✔
precompiles/dapp-staking/src	89%	0%	✔
primitives/src	52%	0%	➖
precompiles/dispatch-lockdrop/src	89%	0%	✔
Summary	74% (3470 / 4678)	0% (0 / 0)	➖

Minimum allowed line rate is 50%

[Dinonard]

LGTM