neuralNetwork backward

std::pair<utility::matrix, std::vector<std::pair<utility::matrix, utility::matrix>>> backward(utility::matrix dZ)

---

Basic Info

Returns the gradient to be passed back (backward(dZ).first), a vector of the gradients (weights then biases) for each layer of the network (backward(dZ.second)).

Return Type

Returns a std::pair<utility::matrix, std::vector<std::pair<utility::matrix, utility::matrix>>>

Parameters

Parameter	Type	Use	Optional
dZ	utility::matrix	Gradient matrix	❌

---

Example

// Calling the backward() function
neuralNetwork n({128, 512, 128});
utility::matrix dZ; // Pass a gradient from undoing the unembed and softmax layer at the very end.
dZ = n.backward(dZ).first;