Add Hash output format

[rschu1ze]

Resolves #77096

Implements the simplest possible approach:

• No separate hash value calculation per row (SELECT cityHash64(*) FROM ( SELECT ...)), instead a hash value calculation for all rows
• SipHash128 is hard-coded as hash algorithm, it is not possible to specify an alternative algorithm via setting
• The input rows are hashed in the order they are produced. To generate a stable hash value across executions, users need to ensure the same order (e.g. ORDER BY).

This should still cover 99.9% of all use cases.

Changelog category (leave one):

• New Feature

Changelog entry (a user-readable short description of the changes that goes into CHANGELOG.md):

Added Hash as a new output format. It calculates a single hash value for all columns and rows of the result. This is useful for calculating a "fingerprint" of the result, for example, in use cases where data transfer is a bottleneck. Example: SELECT arrayJoin(['abc', 'def']), 42 FORMAT Hash returns e5f9e676db098fdb9530d2059d8c23ef.

[clickhouse-gh]

Workflow [PR], commit [41d81c3]

Summary: ❌

job_name	test_name	status	info	comment
Stateless tests (amd_asan, distributed plan, sequential)		failure
	00002_log_and_exception_messages_formatting	FAIL
Stateless tests (amd_msan, parallel, 2/2)		failure
	03401_normal_projection_with_part_offset	FAIL

[alexey-milovidov]

LGTM!

[rschu1ze]

Stateless tests (amd_asan, distributed plan, sequential):

• 00002_log_and_exception_messages_formatting 00002_log_and_exception_messages_formatting having exception in stdout in test 02373_heap_buffer_overflow_in_avro #84642

Stateless tests (amd_msan, parallel, 2/2)

• 03401_normal_projection_with_part_offset timed out. Happened only twice in 2025 and I am reluctant to exclude the test from msan just because of that...