ETH Rust implementation (Proof of Stake)

This project is a simple implementation of a blockchain using Proof of Stake (PoS) consensus, written in Rust.

Objective :

• Learn blockchain PoS
• Learn Rust 🦀 THE CHAD language 👺

Architecture

• Node: Verifies blocks and propagates transactions/blocks to the network.
• Validator: A full node that participates in consensus. It must hold a "stake" (stake amount) and can propose new blocks when selected by the PoS algorithm.
• Wallet: A client application to manage keys, send transactions, and manage staking.

Proof of Stake Mechanism

• Validators must "stake" (lock) a minimum amount (STAKE_MINIMUM_AMOUNT) to participate.
• Validator selection is weighted by the stake amount.
• Stakes are locked for a period (STAKE_LOCK_PERIOD) after staking.
• A "slashing" mechanism penalizes malicious validators (double signing, downtime).

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Usage

Ensure you have Rust and Cargo installed. Compile the project with:

cargo build --release

1. Node (Standard Node)

The standard node connects to the P2P network, downloads the blockchain, and relays information.

Command:

cargo run --bin node -- [OPTIONS]

Options:

• --port <PORT>: Listening port (default: 9000).
• --blockchain-file <FILE>: Blockchain save file (default: ./blockchain.cbor).
• --nodes <LIST>: Comma-separated list of peer addresses to join the network.

Example:

cargo run --bin node -- --port 9000 --nodes "127.0.0.1:9001"

2. Validator

The validator requires a private key to sign proposed blocks.

Command:

cargo run --bin validator -- [OPTIONS]

Options:

• --port <PORT>: Listening port (default: 9001).
• --private-key-file <FILE>: Path to the private key file (Required).
• --blockchain-file <FILE>: Blockchain save file (default: validator_blockchain.cbor).
• --nodes <LIST>: List of peer addresses.

Example (Start as the first validator "Boot node"):

cargo run --bin validator -- --private-key-file ./validator/alice.priv.cbor --port 9001

Example (Join as a validator):

cargo run --bin validator -- --private-key-file ./validator/bob.priv.cbor --port 9999 --nodes "127.0.0.1:9001"

3. Wallet

The wallet is an interactive command-line interface to manage your funds.

Command:

cargo run --bin wallet -- [OPTIONS]

Options:

• --config <FILE>: Configuration file (default: wallet_config.toml).
• --node <ADDRESS>: Node address to connect to (overrides config value).
• generate-config: (Subcommand) Generates a default configuration file.

Example:

# Use a specific config file
cargo run --bin wallet -- --config ./wallet/bob_wallet_config.toml --node 127.0.0.1:9001

Configuration (wallet_config.toml): The configuration file defines your keys, contacts, and default node.

default_node = "127.0.0.1:9001"

[fee_config]
fee_type = "Percent"
value = 0.1

[[contacts]]
name = "Bob"
key = "../validator/bob.pub.pem"

[[my_keys]]
public = "../validator/alice.pub.pem"
private = "../validator/alice.priv.cbor"