koblas

Dense and sparse linear algebra for Kotlin Multiplatform.

Kotlin has no standard multiplatform BLAS/linear-algebra library. koblas is a small, focused one: serializable matrix and vector containers, arithmetic over them, dense and sparse factorizations, and a runtime-swappable compute backend a tuned BLAS/LAPACK (and, later, GPU) implementation can drop into without touching callers.

What it provides

Containers — a read-only View contract; concrete backings also expose their storage for in-place work:

• MatrixView / DenseMatrix — flat, row-major DoubleArray backing.
• VectorView / DenseVector / SparseVector — dense or compressed-sparse.
• SparseMatrix — compressed-sparse-column (CSC) with matrix–vector products.

Dense arithmetic — free functions over the views (BLAS-1/2) plus the swappable backend (BLAS-2/3 + factorizations):

• BLAS-1/2 free functions: dot, axpy, scale, addOuter (rank-1 update), matVec, forEachStored.
• LinearAlgebra backend: gemv, gemm, general LU factor / solve (with a transpose flag for BTRAN).
• Ergonomic entry points: DenseMatrix.lu(), LuDecomposition.solve(b, transpose), DenseMatrix.matMul(other).
• Symmetric positive-definite: cholesky, choleskyDowndateInPlace, solveSpd, invertSpd.

Sparse linear algebra:

• SparseLu — Markowitz-pivoting sparse LU with O(nnz) FTRAN/BTRAN solves and a determinant.
• EtaBasis — product-form-of-the-inverse basis for O(m) rank-1 updates between refactorizations (the kernel a sparse simplex builds on).

All view containers are @Serializable (kotlinx.serialization); DenseMatrix serialises to a 2D Array<DoubleArray> wire form independent of its flat backing.

Usage

import com.eignex.koblas.*

// Dense solve A·x = b via LU (general, non-symmetric).
val a = DenseMatrix.of(
    arrayOf(
        doubleArrayOf(2.0, 1.0),
        doubleArrayOf(1.0, 3.0),
    ),
)
val x = a.lu().solve(doubleArrayOf(3.0, 5.0))

// Symmetric positive-definite solve via Cholesky.
val l = a.cholesky() // A = L·Lᵀ
val xs = solveSpd(l, doubleArrayOf(3.0, 5.0))

// Sparse solve: CSC matrix, sparse LU, FTRAN.
val sparse = SparseMatrix.ofColumns(2, 2, listOf(listOf(0 to 2.0, 1 to 1.0), listOf(0 to 1.0, 1 to 3.0)))
val xsp = SparseLu.factorize(sparse)!!.ftran(doubleArrayOf(3.0, 5.0))

Backends

Two seams, by granularity:

• Level-1 SIMD primitives (dot/axpy/scale) dispatch at compile time via expect/actual. The JVM uses the incubator Vector API (jdk.incubator.vector) when present, scalar loops otherwise; every other target is scalar. mathBackend reports the resolved kernel (e.g. "simd(8 lanes)" or "scalar").
• The LinearAlgebra backend (gemv/gemm/LU) is runtime-swappable: koblas resolves to platformLinearAlgebra() when a target provides a native backend, else the portable ReferenceLinearAlgebra. A tuned BLAS/LAPACK or GPU backend slots in here without changing callers.

Storage is flat, contiguous, row-major — passable to a native backend as a raw buffer with no repacking.

JVM consumers that want the SIMD path pass --add-modules=jdk.incubator.vector at runtime; correctness does not depend on it.

Coordinates

implementation("com.eignex:koblas:<version>")

Building

./gradlew check lintDocs

Status

Early. The operation set is intentionally minimal — the pieces its consumers need — and grows on demand. Native BLAS/LAPACK and GPU backends are planned behind the LinearAlgebra seam.