The purpose of this project is to simulate a network and configure it using GNS3 with docker images.
Overview
├── P1
│ ├── build_docker.sh
│ ├── P1.gns3project
│ ├── pjay_alpine_host
│ └── pjay_frr_router
├── P2
│ └── P2.gns3project
└── README.mdYou need to have gns3 and docker installed.
Firstly build all the image by doing ./build_docker.sh from P1. It will build the images we need for all the project.
Unzip the compressed files that start with the folder name.
Then open a project in gns3 and import gn3project as portable project.
Part 1
In this part we shall deploy 2 machines: 1 router and 1 host.
For the router we'll use an FRRouting image and configure it by modifying the daemons file to ensure to enable those services:
- BGPD daemon
- OSFPD daemon
- IS-IS daemon
Then, run the project. Open a terminal in the router, the command ps a should show those daemons running.
Part 2
The second part is about configuring a VXLAN (Virtual eXtensible Local-Area Network).
First deployment will allow static cast, while the second will use group for multicast.
Difference between castings
In static configuration each leaf know the address of other leaf(s). It is specified at the creation of the VXLAN (local and remote address).
In dynamic multicast, leafs will broadcast ARP request to the members of the group to update its mac address table dynamically.
Part 3
In the last part we have to setup a BGP EVPN network using OSPF. The point here is to configure the spine as route reflector for l2VPN EVPN address family.
Doin that, we can separate Control plane from Data plane.
OSPF will distributes routing information between routers so we don't need to broadcast anymore. It also updates topology changes and errors.
Routers in the same area of the OSPF will be advertised of the area topology (Link-State Advertisement).
Here an example of OSPF implementation, with one area containing the router reflector and the reflector clients:
Glossary
- host:
- endpoint on a natwork. Could be a computer, a virtual machine, a phone...
- VNI: Virtual Network Identifier
- VNI is the identifier of a virtual network (in our case, 10)
- bridge:
- a bridge is network device that allow communication between different networks
- loopback address:
- address that doesn't depends of a physical network. Very stable, in BGP it is usefull for internal data exchange between switches.
- VXLAN: Virtual eXtensible Local-Area Network
- virtual network that will encapsulate layer 2 data into UDP packets. By doin this, it allows to have 16 millions virtual networks (against 4096 for a VLAN)
- VTEP: VXLAN Tunnel End Point
- VXLAN point connected to a traffic. VTEPs are responsible for encapsulation and decapsulation of network traffic
- OSFP: Open Shortest Path First
- it's an Interior Gateway Protocol that gather link state information from routers and constructs a topology map of the network and determine shortest path to reach an address. It also updates link state on router by sending them LSA packets.
- BUM: Broadcast unknown Unicast Multicast
- network traffic methods of sending
- BGP: Border Gateway Protocol
- path-vector routing protocol. Here, it is used for routing within an autonomous system
- EVPN: Ethernet VPN
- transports ethernet traffic as a virtual private network. Here, BGP EVPN will expose VNI and MAC addresses inside the internal BGP