A complete, production-ready Library Management System built with Java 17, MySQL 8, JDBC, and Maven following the DAO design pattern and core Object-Oriented Programming principles.
- Project Overview
- Features
- Technologies Used
- OOP Concepts Demonstrated
- Project Structure
- Database Setup
- Installation & Running
- Console Menu Reference
- UML Class Diagram
- Future Enhancements
This system manages the day-to-day operations of a library, including cataloguing books, registering members, issuing and returning books, and generating reports. All data is persisted to a MySQL database, accessed through a clean DAO layer.
| Category | Feature |
|---|---|
| Books | Add, Update, Delete, Search (by ID / Title / Author / ISBN / Genre), View All / Available / Borrowed |
| Users | Register, Update, Delete, Search (by ID / Name), View All |
| Transactions | Borrow book (with availability check), Return book (atomically) |
| Reports | All books, Available books, Borrowed books, Full borrow history, Per-user borrow history |
| Safety | Duplicate ISBN prevention, Borrowing unavailable books blocked, Custom exceptions, Input validation |
| DB | Singleton connection, PreparedStatement everywhere, Atomic borrow/return via JDBC transactions |
| Technology | Version | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Java | 17 | Core language |
| MySQL | 8+ | Relational database |
| JDBC | — | Database connectivity |
| Maven | 3.8+ | Build & dependency management |
| mysql-connector-j | 8.3.0 | MySQL JDBC driver |
| maven-shade-plugin | 3.5.1 | Executable fat JAR |
| Concept | Where |
|---|---|
| Encapsulation | All model fields are private with getters/setters |
| Abstraction | Person abstract class; BookDAO, UserDAO, TransactionDAO interfaces |
| Inheritance | User extends Person, Librarian extends User |
| Polymorphism | displayDetails() overridden in User and Librarian; DAO interface / impl separation |
| Exception Handling | Five custom checked exceptions; try-catch at service and Main layers |
| Singleton Pattern | DatabaseConnection |
| DAO Pattern | Interface + Impl for Book, User, Transaction |
| Facade Pattern | LibraryService hides all DAO complexity from Main |
LibraryManagementSystem/
├── pom.xml
├── README.md
├── database/
│ └── library.sql ← Schema + sample data
└── src/main/java/com/library/
├── Main.java ← Console menu entry point
├── config/
│ └── DatabaseConnection.java ← Singleton JDBC manager
├── model/
│ ├── Person.java ← Abstract base class
│ ├── User.java ← Library member
│ ├── Librarian.java ← Staff (extends User)
│ ├── Book.java ← Catalogue entry
│ └── BorrowTransaction.java ← Borrow/return record
├── dao/
│ ├── BookDAO.java ← Book CRUD interface
│ ├── UserDAO.java ← User CRUD interface
│ └── TransactionDAO.java ← Transaction interface
├── daoimpl/
│ ├── BookDAOImpl.java ← JDBC book impl
│ ├── UserDAOImpl.java ← JDBC user impl
│ └── TransactionDAOImpl.java ← JDBC transaction impl
├── service/
│ └── LibraryService.java ← Business logic facade
├── util/
│ └── InputValidator.java ← Validation helpers
└── exception/
├── BookNotFoundException.java
├── UserNotFoundException.java
├── BookUnavailableException.java
├── DuplicateBookException.java
└── DatabaseConnectionException.java
- Start your MySQL 8 server.
- Open a MySQL client (MySQL Workbench, DBeaver, or the CLI).
- Run the SQL script:
Or paste the contents of
SOURCE /path/to/LibraryManagementSystem/database/library.sql;
database/library.sqldirectly.
This will:
- Create the
library_dbdatabase. - Create the
books,users, andborrow_transactionstables with foreign keys. - Insert 10 sample books, 10 sample users, and 10 sample transactions.
- Java 17+ (
java -version) - Maven 3.8+ (
mvn -version) - MySQL 8+ running locally
Open src/main/java/com/library/config/DatabaseConnection.java and update:
private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/library_db...";
private static final String USERNAME = "your_mysql_username";
private static final String PASSWORD = "your_mysql_password";cd LibraryManagementSystem
mvn clean packageThis produces a runnable fat JAR at:
target/LibraryManagementSystem-1.0.0-runnable.jar
java -jar target/LibraryManagementSystem-1.0.0-runnable.jar╔══════════════════════════════════════╗
║ LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ║
╚══════════════════════════════════════╝
========== MAIN MENU ==========
1. Book Management
2. User Management
3. Borrow Book
4. Return Book
5. Search Book
6. Search User
7. Reports
8. Exit
================================
1. Add Book → prompts for title, author, ISBN, genre, status
2. Update Book → prompts for book ID + new values
3. Delete Book → prompts for book ID + confirmation
4. View All Books → tabular display of every book
5. Back
1. Register User → prompts for name, email, phone
2. Update User → prompts for user ID + new values
3. Delete User → prompts for user ID + confirmation
4. View All Users → tabular display of every user
5. Back
1. All Books
2. Available Books
3. Borrowed Books
4. Full Borrow History
5. User Borrow History → prompts for user ID
6. Back
┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ <<abstract>> │
│ Person │
│───────────────────────────────────────────────────│
│ - userId: int │
│ - name: String │
│ - email: String │
│ - phone: String │
│───────────────────────────────────────────────────│
│ + getters/setters │
│ + {abstract} displayDetails(): void │
└───────────────────────┬───────────────────────────┘
│ extends
┌─────────────┴─────────────┐
│ │
┌─────────▼──────────┐ ┌─────────▼──────────────────┐
│ User │ │ Librarian │
│────────────────────│ │─────────────────────────────│
│ │ │ - staffId: String │
│────────────────────│ │─────────────────────────────│
│ + displayDetails() │ │ + addBook(String): void │
└────────────────────┘ │ + removeBook(String): void │
│ + updateBook(String): void │
│ + manageUsers(String): void │
│ + displayDetails(): void │
└─────────────────────────────┘
┌───────────────────────────────────┐
│ Book │
│───────────────────────────────────│
│ - bookId: int │
│ - title: String │
│ - author: String │
│ - isbn: String │
│ - genre: String │
│ - status: String │
│───────────────────────────────────│
│ + constructors │
│ + getters/setters │
│ + displayBook(): void │
└───────────────────────────────────┘
┌───────────────────────────────────┐
│ BorrowTransaction │
│───────────────────────────────────│
│ - transactionId: int │
│ - userId: int │
│ - bookId: int │
│ - borrowDate: LocalDate │
│ - returnDate: LocalDate │
│───────────────────────────────────│
│ + constructors │
│ + getters/setters │
│ + displayTransaction(): void │
└───────────────────────────────────┘
<<interface>> BookDAO
+ addBook(Book)
+ updateBook(Book)
+ deleteBook(int)
+ searchBookById(int)
+ searchBookByTitle(String)
+ searchBookByAuthor(String)
+ searchBookByISBN(String)
+ searchBookByGenre(String)
+ getAllBooks()
+ getAvailableBooks()
+ getBorrowedBooks()
▲ implements
BookDAOImpl (JDBC)
<<interface>> UserDAO
+ registerUser(User)
+ updateUser(User)
+ deleteUser(int)
+ searchUserById(int)
+ searchUserByName(String)
+ getAllUsers()
▲ implements
UserDAOImpl (JDBC)
<<interface>> TransactionDAO
+ borrowBook(int, int)
+ returnBook(int)
+ getBorrowHistory()
+ getUserBorrowHistory(int)
▲ implements
TransactionDAOImpl (JDBC)
LibraryService ──uses──► BookDAO
──uses──► UserDAO
──uses──► TransactionDAO
Main ──uses──► LibraryService
──uses──► DatabaseConnection (Singleton)
Screenshots will be added once the application is running. Run
java -jar target/LibraryManagementSystem-1.0.0-runnable.jarand capture the menus.
| Enhancement | Description |
|---|---|
| GUI | JavaFX or Swing front-end to replace the console |
| Web API | Spring Boot REST layer exposing the service |
| Fine System | Automatic fine calculation for overdue books |
| Authentication | Librarian login with hashed passwords |
| Pagination | Paginated book / user listing for large datasets |
| Connection Pool | HikariCP connection pooling for multi-threaded use |
| Unit Tests | JUnit 5 + Mockito test suite |
| Logging | SLF4J + Logback replacing System.out |
| Docker | Containerised MySQL + app with docker-compose |
| Export | PDF / CSV report export via iText / Apache POI |
This project is released for educational purposes. Feel free to use and extend it.