Python-basics

A collection of my practice and insights gained throughout the course: python-programming-a-step-by-step-programming-course(Udemy)

About Python:

• Simple & Readable: Known for its clean, English-like syntax that is easy to learn and read.

• Interpreted: Code is executed line-by-line, which makes debugging easier.

• High-Level: You don't manage memory manually; it handles complex tasks behind the scenes.

• Dynamically Typed: You don't need to declare a variable's type (e.g., x = 5 instead of int x = 5).

Python Applications:

• Python is used in game development (e.g., Pygame for 2D games), desktop GUI applications (using Tkinter, PyQt, wxPython), and networking/cybersecurity (network automation, penetration testing, forensic analysis).

Remeber:

• What are f-strings?

f-strings (formatted string literals) were introduced in Python 3.6.

You prefix a string with f or F, and then you can embed variables or expressions inside {} directly.

- Readable & clean – You don’t need to break strings or call str() manually.

  print(f"Hello {name}, you are {age} years old.")


- Supports expressions inside {} – Not just variables, you can do calculations too.

  print(f"Area of rectangle: {length * breadth}")

  Output:
  Area of rectangle: 200


- Formatting options – You can control how values look (decimal places, alignment, etc.):
  pi = 3.14159
  print(f"Pi rounded to 2 decimals: {pi:.2f}")

  Output:

  Pi rounded to 2 decimals: 3.14


- Faster than str.format() – because it’s evaluated at runtime and optimized.

• Using , inside print()

The comma separates multiple arguments in print().

It automatically adds a space between them.

Works with different data types (string, int, float, etc.) without needing conversion.

name = "Tanushree"
age = 22
print("My name is", name, "and I am", age, "years old")

Output: My name is Tanushree and I am 22 years old

• Using + inside print()

• is string concatenation, so both sides must be strings.

-If you want to join a string with a number, you must explicitly convert the number using str().

name = "Tanushree"
age = 22
print("My name is " + name + " and I am " + str(age) + " years old")

output: My name is Tanushree and I am 22 years old

• In Python, input() always returns a string, no matter what you type. You convert it to suitable data type.

• Eg:

  number = input("Enter a number: ")   
  number = int(number)
  

Then you can perform operations