Problem Statement: Library Catalog Implementation

You are tasked with creating a library catalog system. Design a class Book to represent a book with properties like Title, Author, ISBN, and NumberOfCopies. Then, create a class LibraryCatalog that contains a list of books and provides functionality to perform the following operations:

1. Add a new book to the catalog.
2. Remove a book from the catalog.
3. Display the list of available books.
4. Search for a book by title and display its details.
5. Check out a book, reducing the number of available copies.

Requirements:

Book Class:

• Title (string): the title of the book.
• Author (string): the author of the book.
• ISBN (string): the unique identifier of the book.
• NumberOfCopies (int): the total number of available copies of the book.

LibraryCatalog Class:

• void AddBook(Book book): adds a book to the catalog.
• void RemoveBook(string isbn): removes a book from the catalog based on its ISBN.
• void DisplayAvailableBooks(): displays the list of available books with their titles and authors.
• void SearchBook(string title): searches for a book by title and displays its details (title, author, ISBN, number of available copies).
• void CheckOutBook(string isbn): reduces the number of available copies of a book when checked out.

Constraints:

• The ISBN is a unique identifier for each book.
• The number of available copies of a book should never be negative.
• Assume that the library catalog will contain a moderate number of books (up to a few thousand).

Note:

You can encourage the use of OOP principles such as encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism in the solution. The candidate should demonstrate their understanding of creating classes, objects, and methods in C# and how to use them to solve the given problem.