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4.Concept Generation
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| TEAM5 | Functions from User Perspective | Functions from Designer perspective |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Move the robot automatically | Use a four-wheel-drive chassis with four DC motors |
| 2 | Follow a predefined path | Use IR sensors to detect and follow black tape tracks |
| 3 | Reach the brick pickup area | Program the ESP32-CAM to control navigation |
| 4 | Stop at the correct pickup location | Use IR sensors to detect cross-line markings |
| 5 | Pick up bricks automatically | Use a robotic arm with a mechanical gripper claw |
| 6 | Lift bricks from the ground | Use a 4-DOF robotic arm with servo motors |
| 7 | Hold bricks securely | Design a gripper with suitable gripping force |
| 8 | Inspect bricks for visible cracks | Use an ESP32-CAM module to capture brick images |
| 9 | Identify defective bricks | Use Python-based image processing to detect crack-like markings |
| 10 | Send inspection results to the robot | Use Wi-Fi communication between the laptop and ESP32-CAM |
| 11 | Separate defective bricks from good bricks | Program the robot to direct defective bricks to a scrap area |
| 12 | Indicate defective bricks | Use a buzzer and red LED for audio and visual alerts |
| 13 | Transport acceptable bricks | Use the four-wheel-drive chassis to move bricks to the construction area |
| 14 | Stack bricks in the correct arrangement | Program the robotic arm to place bricks at predefined positions |
| 15 | Place bricks at different wall levels | Control servo positions to achieve the required stacking height |
| 16 | Coordinate wheels and robotic arm movements | Use an L298N motor driver and PCA9685 servo driver |
| 17 | Operate the robot automatically | Automate navigation, pickup, inspection, sorting and stacking |
| 18 | Supply power to the robot | Use rechargeable 18650 batteries with a suitable power distribution system |
| 19 | Keep the robot stable while carrying bricks | Use a balanced chassis and secure component mounting |
| 20 | Reduce manual effort and construction time | Automate repetitive brick handling, inspection, transportation and stacking operations |
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| Serial No. | FUNCTIONS | CONCEPT 1 | CONCEPT 2 | CONCEPT 3 | CONCEPT 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Transporting | 4WD ROBOT CAR CHASSIS | 2WD ROBOT CHASSIS | TRACKED ROBOT CHASSIS | OMNI WHEEL CHASSIS |
| 2 | Sensing | IR SENSOR | ULTRASONIC SENSOR | PROXIMITY SENSOR | FSR402 |
| 3 | Microcontrollers | ESP32 CAM | ARDUINO UNO | ESP8266 | RASPBERRY Pi |
| 4 | Motor Control | L298N MOTOR DRIVER | L293D MOTOR DRIVER | TB6612FNG MOTOR DRIVER | BTS7960 MOTOR DRIVER |
| 5 | Power Supply | 2*18650 RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES WITH HOLDER | AA BATTERY PACK | RECHARGEABLE Li-Po BATTERY | 7.2V NiMH RC BATTERY PACK |
| 6 | Power Distribution | BREADBOARD AND HOOKUP WIRES | CUSTOM PCB | PDB | TERMINAL BLOCK |
| 7 | Defect Indication | BUZZER | LCD DISPLAY | RGB LED INDICATOR | WIRELESS NOTIFICATION |