About

This repository contains references to useful dev instruments and recipes for performance tuning up of linux.

As an example I am using Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

Before installation

Check out UEFI settings on your laptop/desktop computer - USB installation media created from linux bootable iso image must be in appropriate format, overwise it either does not boot or will fail to install grub loader after

For example, when using Rufus for UEFI-compatible system, choose UEFI (non CSM) option.

After fresh installation

Install new themes:

1. Find a theme you want to use on your system, f.e. GTK3/4 Themes
2. Download a tar-archive with theme
3. When you find the file, use tar to unpack it f.e.

tar xJpf Dark-Theme-GTK_2.8.tar.xz

4. There are two places where you can move your theme folder. If you just want to install the theme for yourself, you can place it in your /home directory at ~/.local/share/themes. If you’d rather install the theme system-wide so everyone can use it, place the theme folder in /usr/share/themes.

The commands to copy it over looks like this:

cp -r ~/Downloads/Dark-Theme-GTK_2.8 ~/.local/share/themes/
sudo cp -r ~/Downloads/Dark-Theme-GTK_2.8 /usr/share/themes/

5. Open your desktop environment’s settings. Look for the Appearance/Themes option. If you’re on GNOME, you’ll need to install gnome-tweak-tool. Open a terminal and install it:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool
gnome-tweaks

6. Select the Appearance tab and choose the installed theme.

Turn off animations and special effects for GUI (will increase performance by 2-5%)

Install extra features to tweak effects:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install gnome-tweaks
gnome-tweaks

Will be available under Appearance tab

Minimal dev toolkit

For backend development it should be like this:

• Git

sudo apt update
sudo apt install git
git --version

• JDK To install Openjdk 11 in Ubuntu, the following commands should work:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:openjdk-r/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install openjdk-11-jdk

To use multiple SDK on the same machine make use of update-alternatives, f.e.

sudo update-alternatives --set java /usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64/bin/java

• Maven

sudo apt update
sudo apt install maven
mvn -version

Manual installation (can be usefull for newest java 17, as the default 3.6.3 for Ubuntu 20.04 does not work)

curl -O https://dlcdn.apache.org/maven/maven-3/3.8.6/binaries/apache-maven-3.8.6-bin.zip
sudo unzip apache-maven-3.8.6-bin.zip -d /usr/share/

Update profile at /etc/profile.d/maven.sh:

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64
export M2_HOME=<path to .m2>
export MAVEN_HOME=/use/share/apache-maven-3.8.6
export PATH=${MAVEN_HOME}/bin:${PATH}

and export newly added settings:

source /etc/profile.d/maven.sh

• Python

sudo apt update
sudo apt install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
sudo apt install python3.9
python --version

• Node.js (Installing Using the Node Version Manager)

sudo apt update
curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.38.0/install.sh | bash
source ~/.bashrc
nvm list-remote

Install the latest LTS version:

nvm install v14.17.0
node -v

• Node.js (Installing with Apt Using a NodeSource PPA)

cd ~
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_16.x -o nodesource_setup.sh
nano nodesource_setup.sh (choose the correct base version - normally 14.x or 16.x)
sudo bash nodesource_setup.sh
sudo apt install nodejs

The NodeSource nodejs package contains both the node binary and npm, so you don’t need to install npm separately.

• K8s

Update the apt package index and install refs to Kubernetes apt repository:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl

Download the Google Cloud public signing key:

sudo curl -fsSLo /usr/share/keyrings/kubernetes-archive-keyring.gpg https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg

Add the Kubernetes apt repository:

echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/kubernetes-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list

Install kubectl:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y kubectl
kubectl version

• Docker

1. First, Uninstall old versions. Older versions of Docker were called docker, docker.io, or docker-engine

sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

2. Update the apt package index and install packages to allow apt to use a repository over HTTPS:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https  ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release

3. Add Docker’s official GPG key:

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg

4. Use the following command to set up the stable repository. To add the nightly or test repository, add the word nightly or test (or both) after the word stable in the commands below.

echo \
  "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
  $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

5. Install engine

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

testing:

sudo docker run hello-world
sudo docker ps

Web

• Chrome

sudo apt install wget
wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

Setup alternative browser like SlimJet:

Download a package manually from https://www.slimjet.com/en/postdl.php?version=lnx64&type=deb, and install it:

sudo apt install ./slimjet_amd64.deb

• Curl

sudo apt update
sudo apt install curl
curl --version

• OpenVPN

sudo apt-get -y install network-manager-openvpn
sudo service network-manager restart

After installation condifure the VPN-connection.

1. Go to settings -> network -> add VPN
2. Choose a saved VPN configuration in a .ovpn file

Dev tools

• Eclipse
• PyCharm

Data science

• Anaconda

1. Check the developer’s download page to view the newest version. Let's say it's 2020.02

cd /tmp
curl -O https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/Anaconda3-2020.02-Linux-x86_64.sh
sha256sum Anaconda3-2020.02-Linux-x86_64.sh

The Anaconda installer is a bash script. To run the installation script, use the command:

bash Anaconda3-2020.02-Linux-x86_64.sh

Text editors

• Sublime

Add the official Sublime Text repository:

wget -qO - https://download.sublimetext.com/sublimehq-pub.gpg
echo "deb https://download.sublimetext.com/ apt/stable/" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/sublime-text.list

Installing package:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install sublime-text

• Geany

sudo apt-get update -y
sudo apt-get install -y geany

File managers

• Double Commander

sudo apt install doublecmd-qt

Image managers

• Nomacs

sudo apt update
sudo apt install nomacs

For advanced image manipulations one can use digiKam:

sudo apt install digikam

Multimedia

• mpv player

sudo apt install mpv

set default settings for mpv in /etc/mpv/mpv.conf

• ffmpeg

sudo apt update
sudo apt install ffmpeg
ffmpeg -version

• youtube-dl

sudo apt update
sudo apt-get install youtube-dl

Other way:

wget http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/pool/main/y/youtube-dl/youtube-dl_2021.12.17-1_all.deb
sudo apt install ./youtube-dl_2021.12.17-1_all.deb
whereis youtube-dl
alias youtube-dl='python3 /usr/bin/youtube-dl'

• simple screen recorder (screen recorder)

sudo apt install simplescreenrecorder

Messengers

• Skype

wget https://go.skype.com/skypeforlinux-64.deb
sudo apt install ./skypeforlinux-64.deb
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

• Zoom

Download the DEB installer file from Download Center

sudo apt update
sudo apt install ./zoom_amd64.deb

VCS related

• Meld

sudo apt update
sudo apt install meld

Uninstalling packages

sudo apt-get remove package_name
sudo apt-get purge package_name
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get clean