Automate Dead Link Detection in Docs

[fjlanasa]

Pull Request Description

Closes #3364

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After creating the pull request: in order to pass the release_notes_updated check you will need to update the "Future Release" section of docs/source/release_notes.rst to include this pull request by adding :pr:123.

[freddyaboulton]

Is there a way we can point it to index and have it check all pages? Worried we'll forget to update this if new pages are added.

[fjlanasa]

i am not sure if there is a good way to do that without also recursively crawling all links within each page.

[freddyaboulton]

Does that lead to many false positives?

[fjlanasa]

I can give it a shot. The main issue is that it takes a very long time, but I initially ruled it out when I thought we would run this check for each PR, so I guess it's not as big of an issue if it still works.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #3397 (91ba2e0) into main (a604c88) will decrease coverage by 3.5%.
The diff coverage is n/a.

❗ Current head 91ba2e0 differs from pull request most recent head 58330e8. Consider uploading reports for the commit 58330e8 to get more accurate results

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##            main   #3397     +/-   ##
=======================================
- Coverage   99.7%   96.2%   -3.4%     
=======================================
  Files        329     329             
  Lines      32394   32394             
=======================================
- Hits       32265   31160   -1105     
- Misses       129    1234   +1105     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
evalml/tests/component_tests/test_oversampler.py	16.6% <0.0%> (-83.4%)	⬇️
...alml/tests/component_tests/test_lgbm_classifier.py	18.0% <0.0%> (-82.0%)	⬇️
...valml/tests/component_tests/test_target_encoder.py	18.0% <0.0%> (-82.0%)	⬇️
...valml/tests/component_tests/test_lgbm_regressor.py	18.9% <0.0%> (-81.1%)	⬇️
...alml/tests/component_tests/test_arima_regressor.py	23.2% <0.0%> (-76.8%)	⬇️
...ml/tests/component_tests/test_xgboost_regressor.py	24.5% <0.0%> (-75.5%)	⬇️
...tests/component_tests/test_polynomial_detrender.py	25.7% <0.0%> (-74.3%)	⬇️
...nent_tests/test_exponential_smoothing_regressor.py	26.9% <0.0%> (-73.1%)	⬇️
...l/tests/component_tests/test_xgboost_classifier.py	23.3% <0.0%> (-69.7%)	⬇️
...nent_tests/test_vowpal_wabbit_binary_classifier.py	31.5% <0.0%> (-68.5%)	⬇️
... and 23 more

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