(GitHub CI) update most CI workflows (stale, build-images, etc)

[ArjunSharda]

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This will be updating the versions for most of the Github CI workflows to higher versions for stale, build-images, release_dockerhub_image, and codeql-analysis as most versions in those files were outdated.

[boring-cyborg]

Congratulations on your first Pull Request and welcome to the Apache Airflow community! If you have any issues or are unsure about any anything please check our Contribution Guide (https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.rst)
Here are some useful points:

• Pay attention to the quality of your code (flake8, mypy and type annotations). Our pre-commits will help you with that.
• In case of a new feature add useful documentation (in docstrings or in docs/ directory). Adding a new operator? Check this short guide Consider adding an example DAG that shows how users should use it.
• Consider using Breeze environment for testing locally, it’s a heavy docker but it ships with a working Airflow and a lot of integrations.
• Be patient and persistent. It might take some time to get a review or get the final approval from Committers.
• Please follow ASF Code of Conduct for all communication including (but not limited to) comments on Pull Requests, Mailing list and Slack.
• Be sure to read the Airflow Coding style.
  Apache Airflow is a community-driven project and together we are making it better 🚀.
  In case of doubts contact the developers at:
  Mailing List: dev@airflow.apache.org
  Slack: https://s.apache.org/airflow-slack

[potiuk]

Nice

[ArjunSharda]

Thanks, am going to add for one more CI

[ArjunSharda]

Thanks, am going to add for one more CI

Done

[boring-cyborg]

Awesome work, congrats on your first merged pull request!