Refactor container image to persist msodbcsql18 eula acceptance

[joeycumines-scw]

Hi there 👋

This PR refactors Dockerfile, Dockerfile.ci, and the script (indicated as the source of the modified code), to persist acceptance of the EULA, when installing the Microsoft ODBC driver for SQL Server, per their documentation.

The purpose of this change is to avoid unexpected failures of apt-get upgrade operations, in the event that (for example) the image published to Dockerhub is used as a base image - something I would assume is relatively common, e.g. to install dependencies of additional airflow operator implementations.

[boring-cyborg]

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[potiuk]

nice

[boring-cyborg]

Awesome work, congrats on your first merged pull request! You are invited to check our Issue Tracker for additional contributions.