[Docs] Update the gen_apidocs docker script #19012
Description
The dev/gen_apidocs.sh docker-based script is a bit out-of-date compared to the build process we currently have.
Additionally, at the moment it always does a new clean build of the C++, GLib and Cython binaries and this docs generation takes quite long.
Reporter: Uwe Korn / @xhochy
Assignee: Uwe Korn / @xhochy
PRs and other links:
Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-2613. Please see the migration documentation for further details.