[C++] Rewrite ExecuteScalarExpression to not use ScalarExecutor

[asfimport]

ExecuteScalarExpression sets up and tears down ScalarExecutor from exec.cc for each node in the expression tree. This adds a ton of overhead from moving around non-trivial objects. After ARROW-16756, we should write a new ScalarExpressionExecutor which is careful to construct ArraySpans and execute the expression tree in a much more lightweight / less bloated fashion.

Follow on work in a subsequent Jira will add a pool/stack of allocated temporary buffers to reuse during execution

Reporter: Wes McKinney / @wesm

Related issues:

• [C++] Improve array expression and kernel evaluation performance on small inputs (is a child of)
• [C++][Compute] Extract preallocation logic from KernelExecutor (relates to)

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-16758. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}

[github-actions]

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