[C++][Python] Read ACID Hive tables

[asfimport]

Since Hive 3 produces ACID tables by default it will be great if Arrow can read them directly from HDFS.

See also: ARROW-14730

Reporter: Ian Alexander Joiner / @iajoiner

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-16621. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}

[github-actions]

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