[C++][Gandiva] Improve Projector evaluation performance

[asfimport]

1. Some dynamic_casts are not necessary because the safety is checked already.
2. RecordBatch's column(int i) function involves atomic operation and column_data(int i) doesn't. So we prefer to use column_data() instead if column()->data().

Reporter: Jin Shang / @js8544
Assignee: Jin Shang / @js8544

PRs and other links:

• GitHub Pull Request #14394

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-18019. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}

[asfimport]

Kouhei Sutou / @kou:
Issue resolved by pull request 14394
#14394