ARROW-14064: [CI] Use Debian 11

[kou]

Debian 11 is the current stable release.

[kou]

@github-actions crossbow submit -g nightly

[github-actions]

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-14064

[github-actions]

⚠️ Ticket has not been started in JIRA, please click 'Start Progress'.

[github-actions]

Revision: 013ce5f

Submitted crossbow builds: ursacomputing/crossbow @ actions-852

Task	Status
centos-7-amd64
centos-8-amd64
centos-8-arm64
conda-clean
conda-linux-gcc-py36-arm64
conda-linux-gcc-py36-cpu-r40
conda-linux-gcc-py36-cuda
conda-linux-gcc-py37-arm64
conda-linux-gcc-py37-cpu-r41
conda-linux-gcc-py37-cuda
conda-linux-gcc-py38-arm64
conda-linux-gcc-py38-cpu
conda-linux-gcc-py38-cuda
conda-linux-gcc-py39-arm64
conda-linux-gcc-py39-cpu
conda-linux-gcc-py39-cuda
conda-osx-arm64-clang-py38
conda-osx-arm64-clang-py39
conda-osx-clang-py36-r40
conda-osx-clang-py37-r41
conda-osx-clang-py38
conda-osx-clang-py39
conda-win-vs2017-py36-r40
conda-win-vs2017-py37-r41
conda-win-vs2017-py38
conda-win-vs2017-py39
debian-bullseye-amd64
debian-bullseye-arm64
debian-buster-amd64
debian-buster-arm64
example-cpp-minimal-build-static
example-cpp-minimal-build-static-system-dependency
homebrew-cpp
homebrew-r-autobrew
java-jars
nuget
python-sdist
test-build-vcpkg-win
test-conda-cpp
test-conda-cpp-valgrind
test-conda-python-3.6
test-conda-python-3.6-pandas-0.23
test-conda-python-3.7
test-conda-python-3.7-dask-latest
test-conda-python-3.7-dask-master
test-conda-python-3.7-hdfs-2.9.2
test-conda-python-3.7-hdfs-3.2.1
test-conda-python-3.7-kartothek-latest
test-conda-python-3.7-kartothek-master
test-conda-python-3.7-pandas-0.24
test-conda-python-3.7-pandas-latest
test-conda-python-3.7-spark-branch-3.0
test-conda-python-3.8
test-conda-python-3.8-hypothesis
test-conda-python-3.8-pandas-latest
test-conda-python-3.8-pandas-nightly
test-conda-python-3.8-spark-master
test-conda-python-3.9
test-conda-python-3.9-pandas-master
test-debian-11-cpp
test-debian-11-go-1.15
test-debian-11-python-3
test-debian-c-glib
test-debian-ruby
test-fedora-33-cpp
test-fedora-33-python-3
test-r-depsource-auto
test-r-depsource-system
test-r-devdocs
test-r-gcc-11
test-r-install-local
test-r-linux-as-cran
test-r-linux-rchk
test-r-linux-valgrind
test-r-minimal-build
test-r-offline-maximal
test-r-offline-minimal
test-r-rhub-debian-gcc-devel-lto-latest
test-r-rhub-ubuntu-gcc-release-latest
test-r-rocker-r-base-latest
test-r-rstudio-r-base-3.6-bionic
test-r-rstudio-r-base-3.6-centos7-devtoolset-8
test-r-rstudio-r-base-3.6-centos8
test-r-rstudio-r-base-3.6-opensuse15
test-r-rstudio-r-base-3.6-opensuse42
test-r-ubuntu-21.04
test-r-version-compatibility
test-r-versions
test-ubuntu-18.04-cpp
test-ubuntu-18.04-cpp-release
test-ubuntu-18.04-cpp-static
test-ubuntu-18.04-python-3
test-ubuntu-18.04-r-sanitizer
test-ubuntu-20.04-cpp
test-ubuntu-20.04-cpp-14
test-ubuntu-20.04-cpp-17
test-ubuntu-20.04-cpp-thread-sanitizer
test-ubuntu-20.10-docs
test-ubuntu-c-glib
test-ubuntu-default-docs
test-ubuntu-ruby
ubuntu-bionic-amd64
ubuntu-bionic-arm64
ubuntu-focal-amd64
ubuntu-focal-arm64
ubuntu-hirsute-amd64
ubuntu-hirsute-arm64
wheel-macos-big-sur-cp39-arm64
wheel-macos-big-sur-cp39-universal2
wheel-macos-big-sur-py38-arm64
wheel-macos-high-sierra-cp36-amd64
wheel-macos-high-sierra-cp37-amd64
wheel-macos-high-sierra-cp38-amd64
wheel-macos-high-sierra-cp39-amd64
wheel-macos-mavericks-cp36-amd64
wheel-macos-mavericks-cp37-amd64
wheel-macos-mavericks-cp38-amd64
wheel-macos-mavericks-cp39-amd64
wheel-manylinux2010-cp36-amd64
wheel-manylinux2010-cp37-amd64
wheel-manylinux2010-cp38-amd64
wheel-manylinux2010-cp39-amd64
wheel-manylinux2014-cp36-amd64
wheel-manylinux2014-cp36-arm64
wheel-manylinux2014-cp37-amd64
wheel-manylinux2014-cp37-arm64
wheel-manylinux2014-cp38-amd64
wheel-manylinux2014-cp38-arm64
wheel-manylinux2014-cp39-amd64
wheel-manylinux2014-cp39-arm64
wheel-windows-cp36-amd64
wheel-windows-cp37-amd64
wheel-windows-cp38-amd64
wheel-windows-cp39-amd64

[kou]

+1