Fix CTE reference resolution slt tests

[jonahgao]

Which issue does this PR close?

N/A

Rationale for this change

PR #19519 introduces new tests to verify that DataFusion won't unexpectedly lookup CTE names from the catalog. It registers a strict SchemaProvider that panics with unexpected table lookups.

datafusion/datafusion/sqllogictest/src/test_context.rs

Lines 230 to 241 in d138c36

	async fn table(
	&self,
	name: &str,
	) -> Result<Option<Arc<dyn TableProvider>>, DataFusionError> {
	match name {
	"orders" => Ok(Some(Arc::clone(&self.orders))),
	other => panic!(
	"unexpected table lookup: {other}. This maybe indicates a CTE reference was \
	incorrectly treated as a catalog table reference."
	),
	}
	}

The problem is that PR #19862 skips registering the strict SchemaProvider and bypasses the unexpected lookup check. Therefore, there tests become meaningless.

What changes are included in this PR?

Re-register the strict SchemaProvider into cte.slt.

Are these changes tested?

Yes.

I also backported these new tests to tag 52.0.0, which does not include the fix in #19519, and they failed as expected.

$ cargo test --profile release-nonlto --test sqllogictests -- cte
   Compiling datafusion-sqllogictest v52.0.0 (/Users/jonah/Work/datafusion/datafusion/sqllogictest)
    Finished `release-nonlto` profile [optimized] target(s) in 19.50s
     Running bin/sqllogictests.rs (/Users/jonah/Work/datafusion/target/release-nonlto/deps/sqllogictests-f9c15c7896eb5af9)
[00:00:00] ####------------------------------------       6/75      "cte.slt"
thread 'tokio-runtime-worker' (486408) panicked at datafusion/sqllogictest/src/test_context.rs:215:22:
unexpected table lookup: barbaz. This maybe indicates a CTE reference was incorrectly treated as a catalog table reference.
note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace
Completed 3 test files in 0 seconds                                                                                                                                                          failure in cte.slt for sql with barbaz as (select * from orders) select * from "barbaz";
caused by
External error: task 13 panicked with message "unexpected table lookup: barbaz. This maybe indicates a CTE reference was incorrectly treated as a catalog table reference."
Error: Execution("1 failures")
error: test failed, to rerun pass `-p datafusion-sqllogictest --test sqllogictests`

Are there any user-facing changes?

No.

[jonahgao]

Register a new schema instead of overriding the default datafusion catalog to avoid impacting other CTE tests.

[jonahgao]

cte_quoted_reference.slt has been consolidated into cte.slt, and no longer exists.

[jonahgao]

Should use the orders table from the StrictSchemaProvider, rather than creating a new one

[jonahgao]

Related to #19862 (review)