KAFKA-20078: Fix DumpLogSegments to return proper exit codes

[joshua2519]

• Add mainNoExit pattern (matching other Kafka CLI tools like GetOffsetShell) so main returns exit code 0 on success and 1 on failure via Exit.exit()
• dumpProducerIdSnapshot: rethrow CorruptSnapshotException as TerseException instead of silently printing to stderr
• dumpTxnIndex: catch CorruptIndexException | KafkaException and rethrow as TerseException
• execute now throws TerseException when index mismatches, time index errors, or non-consecutive offsets are detected
• Update tests to use mainNoExit and assert exit codes instead of catching thrown exceptions

[m1a2st]

Thanks for @joshua2519 patch, could you also check the following tools

• ConsumerGroupCommand.java
• ShareGroupCommand.java
• AclCommand.java
• ReassignPartitionsCommand.java
• JmxTool.java