Add the P3724 division functions

[mborland]

Closes: #423

[cppalliance-bot]

An automated preview of the documentation is available at https://472.int128.prtest3.cppalliance.org/libs/int128/doc/html/index.html

If more commits are pushed to the pull request, the docs will rebuild at the same URL.

2026-07-29 21:30:18 UTC

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 96.97624% with 14 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 95.87%. Comparing base (80a45d2) to head (712d110).
⚠️ Report is 9 commits behind head on develop.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
test/test_int_div.cpp	96.06%	10 Missing ⚠️
examples/integer_division.cpp	91.30%	0 Missing and 4 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop     #472      +/-   ##
===========================================
+ Coverage    95.82%   95.87%   +0.05%     
===========================================
  Files           89       91       +2     
  Lines         7680     8155     +475     
  Branches      2793     3006     +213     
===========================================
+ Hits          7359     7819     +460     
- Misses          44       55      +11     
- Partials       277      281       +4     

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