Handle MSVC's __noop in type checker

[tautschnig]

The documentation states that it does not generate any code other than
0. Hence, don't maintain a library function, but instead discard the
expression in the type checker.

• Each commit message has a non-empty body, explaining why the change was made.
• n/a Methods or procedures I have added are documented, following the guidelines provided in CODING_STANDARD.md.
• n/a The feature or user visible behaviour I have added or modified has been documented in the User Guide in doc/cprover-manual/
• Regression or unit tests are included, or existing tests cover the modified code (in this case I have detailed which ones those are in the commit message).
• n/a My commit message includes data points confirming performance improvements (if claimed).
• My PR is restricted to a single feature or bugfix.
• n/a White-space or formatting changes outside the feature-related changed lines are in commits of their own.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #5685 (42e1431) into develop (4c3a0a6) will increase coverage by 0.00%.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##           develop    #5685   +/-   ##
========================================
  Coverage    69.48%   69.49%           
========================================
  Files         1243     1243           
  Lines       100676   100674    -2     
========================================
+ Hits         69956    69962    +6     
+ Misses       30720    30712    -8     

Flag	Coverage Δ
cproversmt2	43.11% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
regression	66.38% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
unit	32.26% <20.00%> (-0.01%)	⬇️

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Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/ansi-c/ansi_c_internal_additions.cpp	94.02% <ø> (ø)
src/goto-programs/goto_clean_expr.cpp	99.29% <ø> (-0.03%)	⬇️
src/goto-programs/goto_convert_function_call.cpp	55.26% <ø> (-2.24%)	⬇️
src/ansi-c/c_typecheck_expr.cpp	75.92% <100.00%> (+0.60%)	⬆️
src/ansi-c/c_preprocess.cpp	32.98% <0.00%> (+0.34%)	⬆️

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