Consider using Microsoft-built Golang images for Ubuntu Chisel infrastructure

[lbussell]

We use Golang images from DockerHub in order to install and run the Chisel tooling in the Ubuntu Chiseled Dockerfiles.

dotnet-docker/src/runtime-deps/8.0/noble-chiseled/amd64/Dockerfile

Line 1 in 2d5b83c

FROM amd64/golang:1.20 as chisel

We should consider using the Microsoft build of Golang, in the official Microsoft Golang images, to cut down on external dependencies - https://github.com/microsoft/go-images

As a side note, we should also have the Golang version defined as a variable in manifest.versions.json.

[MichaelSimons]

This might be appropriate for the Microsoft builds but doesn't feel appropriate for the public Dockerfiles given the Microsoft Golang images are for Microsoft only use.

[richlander]

I came to the same conclusion. It is a good idea to consider, but I think we should stay the course.

[lbussell]

Closing this in favor of #5675, since we can just use the binary version of Chisel.