exercism · rabestro · Dec 16, 2025 · Dec 16, 2025 · Dec 16, 2025 · Dec 16, 2025
diff --git a/bin/update-gradle-wrappers b/bin/update-gradle-wrappers
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# Update Gradle wrappers across all exercises.
+# Usage:
+#   bin/update-gradle-wrappers [<gradle-version>]
+# Example:
+#   bin/update-gradle-wrappers 9.2.1
+
+DEFAULT_VERSION="9.2.1"
+VERSION="${1:-$DEFAULT_VERSION}"
+
+# ANSI Colors
+GREEN='\033[0;32m'
+YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
+RED='\033[0;31m'
+NC='\033[0m' # No Color
+
+log() { printf "${GREEN}[update-wrappers]${NC} %s\n" "$*"; }
+warn() { printf "${YELLOW}[update-wrappers][WARN]${NC} %s\n" "$*"; }
+err() { printf "${RED}[update-wrappers][ERROR]${NC} %s\n" "$*" >&2; }
+die() { printf "${RED}[update-wrappers][FATAL]${NC} %s\n" "$*" >&2; exit 1; }
+
+# Resolve repo root (works whether run from repo root or any subdir)
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+if REPO_ROOT=$(git -C "$SCRIPT_DIR" rev-parse --show-toplevel 2>/dev/null); then
+  :
+else
+  # Fallback: assume script is in <repo>/bin
+  REPO_ROOT="$(cd -- "$SCRIPT_DIR/.." && pwd)"
+fi
+
+EXERCISES_DIR="$REPO_ROOT/exercises"
+CONCEPT_DIR="$EXERCISES_DIR/concept"
+PRACTICE_DIR="$EXERCISES_DIR/practice"
+SHARED_WRAPPER_DIR="$EXERCISES_DIR/gradle/wrapper"
+
+if [[ ! -d "$EXERCISES_DIR" ]]; then
+  err "Cannot find exercises directory at $EXERCISES_DIR"
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+# 1. Update the 'Seed' wrapper
+# We assume the root 'exercises' directory is the master Gradle project
+SEED_DIR="$EXERCISES_DIR"
+SEED_WRAPPER_DIR="$SEED_DIR/gradle/wrapper"
+SEED_JAR="$SEED_WRAPPER_DIR/gradle-wrapper.jar"
+SEED_PROPS="$SEED_WRAPPER_DIR/gradle-wrapper.properties"
+
+log "Targeting Gradle version: $VERSION"
+log "Updating Master/Seed wrapper in: $SEED_DIR"
+
+if [[ ! -d "$SEED_DIR" ]]; then
+  die "Seed directory not found: $SEED_DIR"
+fi
+
+if [[ ! -x "$SEED_DIR/gradlew" ]]; then
+  # Try to fix permissions if it exists but isn't executable
+  if [[ -f "$SEED_DIR/gradlew" ]]; then
+    warn "fix permissions for $SEED_DIR/gradlew"
+    chmod +x "$SEED_DIR/gradlew"
+  else
+    die "Seed does not contain a gradlew script: $SEED_DIR/gradlew"
+  fi
+fi
+
+log "Using seed: $SEED_DIR"
+
+(
+  cd "$SEED_DIR"
+  log "Running: ./gradlew wrapper --gradle-version $VERSION"
+  ./gradlew --no-daemon wrapper --gradle-version "$VERSION" || die "Gradle wrapper task failed in $SEED_DIR"
+)
+
+if [[ ! -f "$SEED_JAR" || ! -f "$SEED_PROPS" ]]; then
+  die "Seed wrapper files not found at $SEED_WRAPPER_DIR"
+fi
+
+# Distribute seed wrapper files to all exercises (simplified)
+UPDATED_COUNT=0
+for path in "$CONCEPT_DIR"/*/ "$PRACTICE_DIR"/*/; do
+  [[ -d "$path" ]] || continue
+  mkdir -p "$path/gradle/wrapper"
+  cp -f "$SEED_JAR"   "$path/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar"
+  cp -f "$SEED_PROPS" "$path/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties"
+  cp -f "$SEED_DIR/gradlew" "$path/gradlew"
+  cp -f "$SEED_DIR/gradlew.bat" "$path/gradlew.bat"
+  chmod +x "$path/gradlew"
+  log "Updated wrapper files in: $path"
+  ((UPDATED_COUNT++))
+done
+
+log "Done. Updated: $UPDATED_COUNT"
+
+log "Reminder: wrappers also updated at $SHARED_WRAPPER_DIR"
diff --git a/docs/update-gradle-wrappers.md b/docs/update-gradle-wrappers.md
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+# Update Gradle Wrappers Across All Exercises
+
+This repository contains many independent Gradle projects (one per exercise).
+To update all Gradle wrappers to a specific version (e.g., to support Java 25), use the helper script below.
+
+## Script name
+
+Suggested name: `update-gradle-wrappers` (added under `bin/`).
+
+## Requirements
+
+- macOS/Linux shell with Bash
+- Internet access (the first update will download the target Gradle distribution)
+
+## Usage
+
+```shell
+bin/update-gradle-wrappers [<gradle-version>]
+```
+
+- If omitted, the version defaults to `9.2.1`.
+- Example: update everything to Gradle 9.2.1
+
+```shell
+bin/update-gradle-wrappers 9.2.1
+```
+
+## What the script does
+
+1. Uses the fixed seed at `exercises/gradle` and runs:
+
+   ```shell
+   ./gradlew wrapper --gradle-version <version>
+   ```
+
+   This produces the correct `gradle-wrapper.jar` and `gradle-wrapper.properties` for the requested version.
+2. Copies the wrapper files from the seed to every exercise’s `gradle/wrapper/` directory
+
+This aligns with the requested approach: update via Gradle, and ensure consistency by copying the wrapper files everywhere.
+
+## Notes
+
+- The script uses `exercises/gradle` as the single source of truth (seed) and does not run Gradle in each exercise; it only copies the wrapper files.
+- The operation can take time on the first run due to Gradle downloads.
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+- If you see permission issues, make the script executable:
+
+  ```shell
+  chmod +x bin/update-gradle-wrappers
+  ```
diff --git a/exercises/concept/annalyns-infiltration/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar b/exercises/concept/annalyns-infiltration/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar
diff --git a/exercises/concept/annalyns-infiltration/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties b/exercises/concept/annalyns-infiltration/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 distributionPath=wrapper/dists
-distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.7-bin.zip
+distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-9.2.1-bin.zip
+networkTimeout=10000
 validateDistributionUrl=true
 zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 zipStorePath=wrapper/dists
diff --git a/exercises/concept/annalyns-infiltration/gradlew b/exercises/concept/annalyns-infiltration/gradlew
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 #
-# Copyright © 2015-2021 the original authors.
+# Copyright © 2015 the original authors.
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 #
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+#
 
 ##############################################################################
 #
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@
 #       Darwin, MinGW, and NonStop.
 #
 #   (3) This script is generated from the Groovy template
-#       https://github.com/gradle/gradle/blob/HEAD/subprojects/plugins/src/main/resources/org/gradle/api/internal/plugins/unixStartScript.txt
+#       https://github.com/gradle/gradle/blob/HEAD/platforms/jvm/plugins-application/src/main/resources/org/gradle/api/internal/plugins/unixStartScript.txt
 #       within the Gradle project.
 #
 #       You can find Gradle at https://github.com/gradle/gradle/.
@@ -84,7 +86,7 @@ done
 # shellcheck disable=SC2034
 APP_BASE_NAME=${0##*/}
 # Discard cd standard output in case $CDPATH is set (https://github.com/gradle/gradle/issues/25036)
-APP_HOME=$( cd "${APP_HOME:-./}" > /dev/null && pwd -P ) || exit
+APP_HOME=$( cd -P "${APP_HOME:-./}" > /dev/null && printf '%s\n' "$PWD" ) || exit
 
 # Use the maximum available, or set MAX_FD != -1 to use that value.
 MAX_FD=maximum
@@ -112,7 +114,6 @@ case "$( uname )" in                #(
   NONSTOP* )        nonstop=true ;;
 esac
 
-CLASSPATH=$APP_HOME/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar
 
 
 # Determine the Java command to use to start the JVM.
@@ -170,7 +171,6 @@ fi
 # For Cygwin or MSYS, switch paths to Windows format before running java
 if "$cygwin" || "$msys" ; then
     APP_HOME=$( cygpath --path --mixed "$APP_HOME" )
-    CLASSPATH=$( cygpath --path --mixed "$CLASSPATH" )
 
     JAVACMD=$( cygpath --unix "$JAVACMD" )
 
@@ -203,15 +203,14 @@ fi
 DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS='"-Xmx64m" "-Xms64m"'
 
 # Collect all arguments for the java command:
-#   * DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS, and optsEnvironmentVar are not allowed to contain shell fragments,
+#   * DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS, and optsEnvironmentVar are not allowed to contain shell fragments,
 #     and any embedded shellness will be escaped.
 #   * For example: A user cannot expect ${Hostname} to be expanded, as it is an environment variable and will be
 #     treated as '${Hostname}' itself on the command line.
 
 set -- \
         "-Dorg.gradle.appname=$APP_BASE_NAME" \
-        -classpath "$CLASSPATH" \
-        org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain \
+        -jar "$APP_HOME/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar" \
         "$@"
 
 # Stop when "xargs" is not available.

diff --git a/exercises/concept/annalyns-infiltration/gradlew.bat b/exercises/concept/annalyns-infiltration/gradlew.bat
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 @rem See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 @rem limitations under the License.
 @rem
+@rem SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+@rem
 
 @if "%DEBUG%"=="" @echo off
 @rem ##########################################################################
@@ -68,11 +70,10 @@ goto fail
 :execute
 @rem Setup the command line
 
-set CLASSPATH=%APP_HOME%\gradle\wrapper\gradle-wrapper.jar
 
 
 @rem Execute Gradle
-"%JAVA_EXE%" %DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS% %JAVA_OPTS% %GRADLE_OPTS% "-Dorg.gradle.appname=%APP_BASE_NAME%" -classpath "%CLASSPATH%" org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain %*
+"%JAVA_EXE%" %DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS% %JAVA_OPTS% %GRADLE_OPTS% "-Dorg.gradle.appname=%APP_BASE_NAME%" -jar "%APP_HOME%\gradle\wrapper\gradle-wrapper.jar" %*
 
 :end
 @rem End local scope for the variables with windows NT shell

diff --git a/exercises/concept/bird-watcher/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar b/exercises/concept/bird-watcher/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar
diff --git a/exercises/concept/bird-watcher/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties b/exercises/concept/bird-watcher/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 distributionPath=wrapper/dists
-distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.7-bin.zip
+distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-9.2.1-bin.zip
+networkTimeout=10000
 validateDistributionUrl=true
 zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 zipStorePath=wrapper/dists
diff --git a/exercises/concept/bird-watcher/gradlew b/exercises/concept/bird-watcher/gradlew
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 #
-# Copyright © 2015-2021 the original authors.
+# Copyright © 2015 the original authors.
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 #
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+#
 
 ##############################################################################
 #
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@
 #       Darwin, MinGW, and NonStop.
 #
 #   (3) This script is generated from the Groovy template
-#       https://github.com/gradle/gradle/blob/HEAD/subprojects/plugins/src/main/resources/org/gradle/api/internal/plugins/unixStartScript.txt
+#       https://github.com/gradle/gradle/blob/HEAD/platforms/jvm/plugins-application/src/main/resources/org/gradle/api/internal/plugins/unixStartScript.txt
 #       within the Gradle project.
 #
 #       You can find Gradle at https://github.com/gradle/gradle/.
@@ -84,7 +86,7 @@ done
 # shellcheck disable=SC2034
 APP_BASE_NAME=${0##*/}
 # Discard cd standard output in case $CDPATH is set (https://github.com/gradle/gradle/issues/25036)
-APP_HOME=$( cd "${APP_HOME:-./}" > /dev/null && pwd -P ) || exit
+APP_HOME=$( cd -P "${APP_HOME:-./}" > /dev/null && printf '%s\n' "$PWD" ) || exit
 
 # Use the maximum available, or set MAX_FD != -1 to use that value.
 MAX_FD=maximum
@@ -112,7 +114,6 @@ case "$( uname )" in                #(
   NONSTOP* )        nonstop=true ;;
 esac
 
-CLASSPATH=$APP_HOME/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar
 
 
 # Determine the Java command to use to start the JVM.
@@ -170,7 +171,6 @@ fi
 # For Cygwin or MSYS, switch paths to Windows format before running java
 if "$cygwin" || "$msys" ; then
     APP_HOME=$( cygpath --path --mixed "$APP_HOME" )
-    CLASSPATH=$( cygpath --path --mixed "$CLASSPATH" )
 
     JAVACMD=$( cygpath --unix "$JAVACMD" )
 
@@ -203,15 +203,14 @@ fi
 DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS='"-Xmx64m" "-Xms64m"'
 
 # Collect all arguments for the java command:
-#   * DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS, and optsEnvironmentVar are not allowed to contain shell fragments,
+#   * DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS, and optsEnvironmentVar are not allowed to contain shell fragments,
 #     and any embedded shellness will be escaped.
 #   * For example: A user cannot expect ${Hostname} to be expanded, as it is an environment variable and will be
 #     treated as '${Hostname}' itself on the command line.
 
 set -- \
         "-Dorg.gradle.appname=$APP_BASE_NAME" \
-        -classpath "$CLASSPATH" \
-        org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain \
+        -jar "$APP_HOME/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar" \
         "$@"
 
 # Stop when "xargs" is not available.

diff --git a/exercises/concept/bird-watcher/gradlew.bat b/exercises/concept/bird-watcher/gradlew.bat
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 @rem See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 @rem limitations under the License.
 @rem
+@rem SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+@rem
 
 @if "%DEBUG%"=="" @echo off
 @rem ##########################################################################
@@ -68,11 +70,10 @@ goto fail
 :execute
 @rem Setup the command line
 
-set CLASSPATH=%APP_HOME%\gradle\wrapper\gradle-wrapper.jar
 
 
 @rem Execute Gradle
-"%JAVA_EXE%" %DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS% %JAVA_OPTS% %GRADLE_OPTS% "-Dorg.gradle.appname=%APP_BASE_NAME%" -classpath "%CLASSPATH%" org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain %*
+"%JAVA_EXE%" %DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS% %JAVA_OPTS% %GRADLE_OPTS% "-Dorg.gradle.appname=%APP_BASE_NAME%" -jar "%APP_HOME%\gradle\wrapper\gradle-wrapper.jar" %*
 
 :end
 @rem End local scope for the variables with windows NT shell

diff --git a/exercises/concept/booking-up-for-beauty/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar b/exercises/concept/booking-up-for-beauty/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar
diff --git a/exercises/concept/booking-up-for-beauty/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties b/exercises/concept/booking-up-for-beauty/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 distributionPath=wrapper/dists
-distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.7-bin.zip
+distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-9.2.1-bin.zip
+networkTimeout=10000
 validateDistributionUrl=true
 zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 zipStorePath=wrapper/dists