What is Robot Framework?

• Robot Framework is an open-source automation framework primarily used for acceptance testing, acceptance test-driven development (ATDD), and robotic process automation (RPA).
• it supports keyword-driven testing, making it highly extensible and easy to use for non-developers and developers alike.

Test Cases - Selenium Vs Robot Framework:

Structure of Robot File :

Every Robot File contains 4 Sections, They are ...

*** Settings ***
Here we import libraries

*** Variables ***
Here we define variables which are repetitive & used across multiple test cases

*** Test Cases ***
Here we write test cases, it can be single or multiple

*** Keywords ***
Here we can define custom keywords.

Syntax :

Note : Every element or keyword & their values are separated by a Tab

Simple Test Case

*** Settings ***
Library    SeleniumLibrary 

*** Variables ***

*** Test Cases ***
LoginTest
    Open Browser    https://www.saucedemo.com/    chrome
    Input Text    id:user-name    standard_user
    Input Text    id:password    secret_sauce
    Click Element    id:login-button
    Close Browser

Usage of Variable & Keyword

*** Settings ***
Library    SeleniumLibrary 

*** Variables ***
${url}    https://www.saucedemo.com/
${browser}    chrome

# variable names are enclosed in curly braces having $ at the start.
# Then value of these variable are in front of them separated by a Tab

*** Test Cases ***
LoginTest
    LoginToApp

*** Keywords ***

# Here we create custom keywords & then their functionality
# For example here we can make a custom keyword "LoginToApp" having functionality to login to App.

LoginToApp
    Open Browser    https://www.saucedemo.com/    chrome
    Open Browser    ${url}    ${browser}
    Input Text    id:user-name    standard_user
    Input Text    id:password    secret_sauce
    Click Element    id:login-button
    Close Browser

# As you can see we have called that keyword above in a Test Case.