b11120

vulkan: hide internal symbols to prevent duplicate-dlopen state destruction (#29139)

Since #28732 our internal symbols are exported. A duplicate copy dlopened and
dlclosed by ggml_backend_load_all() then interposes them, so its destructors
destroy the live vk_instance and later device queries hit the GGML_ASSERT on
vk_instance.device_indices. Hidden visibility exports only GGML_BACKEND_API,
as before #28732.

Fixes #29138

Assisted-by: henk:claude-fable-5

Website:

• https://llama.app

Attestations:

• https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/attestations/49449723

macOS/iOS:

• macOS Apple Silicon (arm64)
• macOS Apple Silicon (arm64, KleidiAI enabled) DISABLED
• macOS Intel (x64)
• iOS XCFramework

Linux:

• Ubuntu x64 (CPU)
• Ubuntu arm64 (CPU)
• Ubuntu s390x (CPU)
• Ubuntu x64 (Vulkan)
• Ubuntu arm64 (Vulkan)
• Ubuntu x64 (CUDA 12) - CUDA 12.8 libraries
• Ubuntu x64 (CUDA 13) - CUDA 13.4 libraries
• Ubuntu arm64 (CUDA 13) - CUDA 13.4 libraries
• Ubuntu x64 (ROCm 10.0)
• Ubuntu x64 (OpenVINO)
• Ubuntu x64 (SYCL FP32)
• Ubuntu x64 (SYCL FP16)
• Linux arm64 (Snapdragon: CPU, Adreno GPU, Hexagon NPU) - setup guide

Android:

• Android arm64 (CPU)
• Android arm64 (Snapdragon: CPU, Adreno GPU, Hexagon NPU) - setup guide

Windows:

• Windows x64 (CPU)
• Windows arm64 (CPU)
• Windows arm64 (OpenCL Adreno)
• Windows x64 (CUDA 12) - CUDA 12.4 DLLs
• Windows x64 (CUDA 13) - CUDA 13.4 DLLs
• Windows arm64 (CUDA 13) - CUDA 13.4 DLLs
• Windows x64 (Vulkan)
• Windows x64 (OpenVINO)
• Windows x64 (SYCL)
• Windows x64 (ROCm 10.0)

openEuler:

• DISABLED
• openEuler x86 (310p)
• openEuler x86 (910b, ACL Graph)
• openEuler aarch64 (310p)
• openEuler aarch64 (910b, ACL Graph)

UI:

• UI