Syntax

Conditionals

if age > 18 and age < 99
    doSomething()
else if age > 99
    doSomethingElse()
else
    doNothing()
end

You can also use switch

switch someVariable
  when "mike"
    echo('Hello, Mike!')
  when "john"
    echo('Hello, John!')
  when "annie", "marceline"
    echo('Hai gals')
  else
    echo('Hello, World!')
end

Boolean Not

To apply a boolean not operation, use the not keyword

if not age > 18
    doSomething()
end

myValue = not myVariable

Ternary Operator

title = age > 18 ? 'Mister' : 'Boy'

Default Value

name = getName() ?? 'Mike'

If getName() is falsy, 'Mike' will be used, that translates as

name = getName() ? getName () : 'Mike'

Loops

IcedTea has several loop flavours, while and for beeing the most common ones.

while someFunctionReturnsTrue()
    echo('Hello, World!')
end

# The for is very similar to ruby's :)
for i in (0..10)
    echo(i)
end

Ranges generate an array from start to end, so you can also do

myArr = (0..returnsInteger())

You can of course call for with any collection

myData = array(1, 2, 3, 4)
for i in myData
    echo(i)
end

Concatenation

The concatenation operator is &.

echo('Hello ' & name)

Arrays

You can create arrays with [] Also, arrays can have initial values

myArray = [1, 2, f(1)]

callSomething([1, 2])

emptyArray = []

To get the array item at a given index is the same as PHP

item = arr[2]

Arrays indeces start from 0

Multidimensional Arrays Using JSON Sytnax

You can create multidimensional arrays using JSON syntax

myArray = {
    'name': 'John',
    'age': getAge(),
    'more_data': {
        'married': false
    }
}

Try-Catch

try
  someCodeHere()
catch myError
  echo(myError.getMessage())
finally
  doSomethingElse()
end

Of course you can omit the finally and the catch argument

try
  someCodeHere()
catch
  # When you don't include an argument identifier, "ex" is used
  # Nevertheless, most of the time you don't include one it's because you wont
  # use it.
  echo(ex.getMessage())
end

Functions

Functions are created using the def keyword

def myFunctionName(name)
  return "Hello" & name
end

Classes

Classes include the @ operator from Ruby, using that operator you can create instance variables and later on refer to them in a very simple and readable way.

class Human
  # name will be a public instance variable
  @name
  # age will also be a public instance variable with a value of 18
  @age = 18

  def __construct(name)
    # this is the class' constructor
    @name = name
  end

  def greet
    echo("Hi! I'm " & @name)
  end
end

mike = new Human()
mike.greet()
echo('Mike is ' & mike.age & ' years old.')

You can also use access modifiers

class MyClass
  private @name

  protected def getName()
    return @name
  end
end

If no access modifier is used, public is used.

Inheritance is done Ruby-Style

class B < A
  # Class B extends from A
end