[sil_arabic_phonetic] add three characters

[Meng-Heng]

This PR apply the request from https://community.software.sil.org/t/need-to-add-characters-in-arabic-phonetic-keyboard-sil/11124.

Test-bot: skip
Ready for reviews.

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[LornaSIL]

Thanks for adding these and realizing not all of the requested characters were missing.
LGTM.

[khalid2051]

SUBSCRIPT ALEF, INVERTED DAMMA Okay.
SUPERSCRIPT ALEF Generating additional space.

بٗ

بٖ

ب ٰ | supposed to be بٰ

"ٰ"
"ٗ"
"ٖ"