extract.notes

Notes

This is the default way to read a page. A screenshot of text costs orders of magnitude more, cannot be quoted back, and may be a picture of a page that had not finished rendering. Reach for a capture only when the appearance is the answer.

//body works and is usually the wrong idea. It returns the whole document, navigation and cookie banners included, and on a large page that is most of what you pay for. A narrower XPath is not a nicety — it is the difference between reading a page and reading a site.

html and text differ in ways that matter. text is what a person sees: collapsed whitespace, nothing from hidden elements. html is innerHTML, so it keeps markup, attributes and content that is present but invisible. When a value lives in an attribute rather than in the text, neither helps — use execute_script and return it directly.

An empty result is usually a timing or a frame problem, not an XPath one. The element is waited for, so an empty string means it was found and genuinely holds nothing — but a timeout means it never appeared. Two common reasons: the content renders after an XHR that has not landed, or it lives inside an iframe, where no locator can see it until frame has switched in.

Reading many things is one script, not many extracts. Each call is a round trip to the Grid. execute_script returning an array of the values you want costs one.