C++ Modules (42 School)

This repository contains solutions for the C++ modules from 42 School curriculum, covering fundamental to advanced C++ programming concepts.

📚 Project Overview

The C++ modules are designed to teach modern C++ programming from the ground up, starting with basic syntax and progressing to advanced topics like templates, STL containers, and algorithms.

🗂️ Module Structure

Module 00 - Basics

• ex00: Megaphone - Basic string manipulation and output
• ex01: PhoneBook - Introduction to classes, objects, and basic I/O
• ex02: Account - Working with static members and file I/O

Module 01 - Memory Management

• ex00: BraiiiiiiinnnzzzZ - Stack vs Heap allocation
• ex01: Moar brainz! - Dynamic memory allocation with arrays
• ex02: HI THIS IS BRAIN - References and pointers
• ex03: Unnecessary violence - Object composition and references
• ex04: Sed is for losers - File manipulation and string replacement
• ex05: Harl 2.0 - Switch statements and member function pointers

Module 02 - Ad-hoc Polymorphism

• ex00: Fixed Point Numbers - Orthodox Canonical Class Form
• ex01: Towards a more useful fixed-point number class - Constructors and conversions
• ex02: Now we're talking - Operator overloading

Module 03 - Inheritance

• ex00: ClapTrap - Basic class implementation
• ex01: ScavTrap - Single inheritance
• ex02: FragTrap - Multiple inheritance concepts

Module 04 - Subtype Polymorphism

• ex00: Polymorphism - Virtual functions and abstract classes
• ex01: I don't want to set the world on fire - Deep copy and memory management
• ex02: Abstract class - Pure virtual functions

Module 05 - Exceptions

• ex00: Bureaucrat - Exception handling basics
• ex01: Form up, maggots! - Custom exceptions
• ex02: No, you need form 28B, not 28C... - Abstract classes with exceptions
• ex03: At least this beats coffee-making - Factory pattern

Module 06 - C++ Casts

• ex00: Conversion of scalar types - Static cast and type conversion
• ex01: Serialization - Reinterpret cast
• ex02: Identify real type - Dynamic cast and RTTI

Module 07 - C++ Templates

• ex00: Start with a few functions - Function templates
• ex01: Iter - Template functions with iterators
• ex02: Array - Class templates

Module 08 - Templated Containers

• ex00: Easy find - STL algorithms
• ex01: Span - Custom container implementation
• ex02: Mutated abomination - Advanced STL usage

Module 09 - STL

• ex00: Bitcoin Exchange - File parsing and STL containers
• ex01: Reverse Polish Notation - Stack implementation
• ex02: PmergeMe - Advanced sorting algorithms

🛠️ Compilation

Each exercise includes a Makefile for compilation. To build any exercise:

cd module0X/exXX
make

Compilation Flags

All projects are compiled with:

• -Wall -Wextra -Werror
• -std=c++98

🚀 Usage Examples

Module 00 - PhoneBook

cd module00/ex01
make
./phonebook
# Commands: ADD, SEARCH, EXIT

Module 01 - Zombie

cd module01/ex00
make
./zombie

Module 09 - RPN Calculator

cd module09/ex01
make
./RPN "8 9 * 9 - 9 - 9 - 4 - 1 +"

📋 Key Learning Objectives

• Memory Management: Understanding stack vs heap, RAII principles
• Object-Oriented Programming: Classes, inheritance, polymorphism
• Exception Handling: Try-catch blocks, custom exceptions
• Templates: Generic programming, template specialization
• STL: Standard Template Library containers and algorithms
• C++98 Standard: Working within older C++ standards

🔧 Requirements

• C++ compiler supporting C++98 standard (g++, clang++)
• Make utility
• Unix-like operating system (Linux, macOS)

📝 Coding Standards

This project follows 42 School coding standards:

• No comments in code
• Orthodox Canonical Class Form for classes
• Proper memory management (no leaks)
• Exception safety
• Const correctness

🎯 Skills Developed

• Low-level memory management
• Object-oriented design patterns
• Template metaprogramming
• STL proficiency
• Exception-safe programming
• Performance optimization

🤝 Contributing

This repository contains educational solutions. While contributions are welcome for improvements or bug fixes, please ensure they maintain the educational value and follow 42 School guidelines.

📄 License

This project is part of 42 School curriculum. Please respect academic integrity policies when using this code.

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Made with ❤️ at 42 School